Effects of Urbanization in Jamaica

Urbanization alludes to the move of populace from rustic territories to urban communities or towns as indicated by the Encarta Encyclopedia. In Jamaica today, urbanization is a consistent procedure for people to move starting with one territory then onto the next decisively contrasted with the past ages. Urbanization has seen a noteworthy increment throughout the years in view of people seeking after a superior way of life. Individuals move in light of the monetary circumstance of the nation which brings about the need to secure better positions, the natural impacts and to wrap things up wrongdoing and savagery. I believe that urbanization is essential for the improvement of one’s life. As indicated by G. Nicolas, the budgetary emergency of the nation plays a fundamental standard in urbanization, with greater levels of popularity for merchandise and ventures makers, wholesalers and retailers will in general increment the expense of products and enterprises attempting to make a benefit for their business. People who are working at times will in general make some hard memories of finding the cash to obtain these high valuing products and enterprises to fulfill their requirements. Regardless of the high valuing of merchandise and enterprises; with an expansion in the populace, finding a new line of work turns out to be a lot harder particularly on the off chance that an individual has no capabilities and goes after a position, at that point an increasingly qualified individual goes after a similar position, the certified people is more than prone to get recruited over the inadequate people. Much of the time quick populace development in urban regions offers ascend to neediness so that when overpopulation happens, employments may be restricted around there and expanding social issues related with joblessness and underemployment. As indicated by the Encarta Encyclopedia, urbanization likewise adds to natural issues in different manners as it identifies with overpopulation. It might prompt contamination, for example, clamor contamination so that when potential wellbeing impacts of commotion contamination are various, unavoidable, diligent, and restoratively and socially critical. Clamor creates immediate and combined unfavorable impacts that impede wellbeing and that debase private, social, working, and learning conditions with comparing genuine and elusive misfortunes. Air and water contamination are other natural impacts of urbanization and the most significant purposes behind populace blast in the urban communities of creating nations like Jamaica is quick urbanization. Urbanization in Jamaica is joined by various difficulties emerging from populace focus in metropolitan urban communities; natural debasement is happening quickly and causing deficiency of essential needs. The declining water quality, air contamination and issues of removal strong squanders and unsafe materials that is destructive to them. Medical problems can emerge from urbanization and cause a wide-spread pestilence of ailments. These ailments can be transmitted in packed zones where airborne, respiratory and hand to hand transmission of ailments can happen. The source, G. Nicolas, expressed that deforestation is an impact of urbanization where it is a supporter of worldwide environmental change and is regularly refered to as one of the significant reasons for the improved nursery impact. Urbanization permits leeway of normally happening timberlands by the procedures of logging or potentially consuming of trees in a forested territory to make space accessible to assemble new houses or high rise. Deforestation additionally prompts soil disintegration; it diminishes porous surfaces in the dirt quicker framing of surface spillover, progressively visit appearance of flood waves. Urbanization impacts on advancement of disintegration forms, land debasement with noteworthy decrease of soil water limit. In Jamaica, wrongdoing and viciousness likewise adds to urbanization in a rising territory of worry in the expansion levels of wrongdoing and brutality in urban regions. Significant sexual orientation separation exists as far as vicious reaction to joblessness. While men go to wrongdoing and savagery, ladies all the more as often as possible go to reliance on men. It isn't too difficult to even consider believing that Kingston’s notoriety as a position of brutality positions third on the planet. Group viciousness and shootings happen consistently in downtown territories of Kingston. Some downtown neighborhoods are sometimes exposed to curfews and police look. Off the cuff road dissents at times happen, during which demonstrators regularly develop barricades or in any case hinder the boulevards. Jobless people may go to wrongdoing since they neglected to gain or keep a solid employment and choose to go to the demonstration of taking from the dedicated and decent residents in their locale to acquire a living for themselves. The incessant flare-up of brutality between people or opponent posses in a network may make people feel unbound and scared of what may befall them. This may make families in the network relocate to a brutality free territory where they may feel more secure. In spite of the fact that urbanization has many negative and constructive outcomes, I believe that it is in the nations wellbeing to attempt to improve the negative impacts that are related with urbanization to improve the day to day environment of urbanized territories.

Body language Essay

Motions a case of a signal would be an approval to allude to all around done. I attempted to utilize hand signal to assist the ladies with understanding what I was saying. Body language †non-verbal communication is a wide term for types of correspondence utilizing body developments or motions rather than, or notwithstanding, sounds, verbal language, or different types of correspondence. It frames some portion of the classification of paralanguage, which portrays all types of human correspondence that are not verbal language. This incorporates the most unobtrusive of developments that numerous individuals don't know about, including winking and slight development of the eyebrows. I attempted to adjust to Egan hypothesis of SOLER by inclining forward to show that I was intrigued. Tuning in on the off chance that we are not talking we are tuning in to what others are stating and attempting to comprehend there sees our non-verbal communication can advise in the event that we are tuning in to a people at whatever point anyone was talking I would lean forward to shows that I am intrigued. Since it was a gathering associations I needed to allow others to talk and t hear their point of view acrossâ * Expression-outward appearance can send exceptionally complex message that can be perused without any problem. I attempted to utilize a decent outward appearance to cause her to feel good and invited. Eye to eye connection †Eye contact is the occasion when two individuals take a gander at each other’s eyes simultaneously. I kept great eye to eye connection with her to show that I was really tuning in and with different individuals from the group One 2 one †multi year old boy Verbal- Tone/Pitch †its what we state, however the manner in which we state it. If we somehow managed to talk extremely quick in a noisy voice with a fixed voice tone,â people may believe that we are irate and yelling. I didn't yell at the multi year old kid and I work out a tone and contribute which he could hear unmistakably. Slang’s and languages I didn't utilize slang in my tongue. This is on the grounds that slang is for the most part connected with youngsters and furthermore he may not comprehend what I was saying Pace †the pace is the speed wherein I talk. I can talk quick and I can talk moderate. Since he is a child I needed to talk moderate with the goal that she can understand Non verbal Gestures-a case of a motion would be an approval to allude to very much done. I attempted to utilize hand motion to assist the kid with understanding what I was stating and furthermore utilized hand motion when I needed to take the kid to the latrine I needed to hold his hands. Non-verbal communication - . This incorporates the most inconspicuous of developments that numerous individuals don't know about, including winking and slight development of the eyebrows. I attempted to adjust to Egan hypothesis of SOLER by inclining forward to show that I was intrigued. I didn't remain over him Listening-on the off chance that we are not talking we are tuning in to what others are stating and attempting to comprehend there sees our non-verbal communication can advise on the off chance that we are tuning in to a people at whatever point anyone was talking I would lean forward to shows that I am intrigued. Since it was a gathering communications I needed to allow others to talk and t hear their point of view over. Appearance outward appearance can send extremely complex message that can be perused without any problem. I attempted to utilize a decent outward appearance to cause him to feel good and invited by grinning a lot. Eye contact †Eye contact is the occasion when two individuals take a gander at each other’s eyes simultaneously. I kept great eye to eye connection with him to show that I was really tuning in to him. The care esteem base is significant. The consideration esteem base is utilized broadly in the field of wellbeing , social consideration and early years. The consideration esteem base is utilized to portray a lot of rules that were believed to be pertinent to the wellbeing and social consideration experts. The consideration esteem base can be utilized as an ethnical manual for dynamic and practice in wellbeing, social consideration and early years setting. The consideration esteem base is utilized to be sure that care works or specialists are not segregating, be ing horrible, or giving poor consideration to their patients or administration clients The consideration esteem base spreads five primary areas:â 1. Advancing enemy of unfair practiceâ 2. Looking after confidentialityâ 3. Advancing and supporting individuals’ rights and respectâ 4. Recognizing individuals’ individual convictions and identitiesâ 5. Advancing powerful communication The care esteem base can frame some portion of an implicit rules, or an expert code of morals for anybody working in a mindful calling. The vehicle esteem base has gotten progressively significant because of the reality the nation has become increasingly multicultural and ethnically assorted. Additionally there more individuals with handicap. Laws have been passed which forbid separation on the grounds of race, religion, sex, sexual direction, age, handicap and so on is in this manner imperative that individuals don't feel victimized when they are utilizing care administrations.

Ticketbis

Ticketbis INTRODUCTIONMartin: Hi. Today we are in  Madrid  at Ticketbis, with Jon and Ander. Who are you and what do you do?Jon: Hi. My name is Jon,  Jon Uriarte, I am one of the CEOs of Ticketbis, I was born in  Bilbao. I studied there and when I got my degree, I went to work in  London. I worked most of the years in a ML,  Merrill  Lynch  and I moved to Morgan Stanley, I worked in private wealth management department. After that, I was a bit tired of  London  lifestyle and banking style and I quit it and went back to  Spain  to start my own business, Ticketbis.Martin: Cool.Ander: My name is Ander  Michelena. It was quite similar, Im the other CEO of Ticketbis. Similar to Jon, I studied in Span then I moved to  London  to work in merger, at Morgan Stanley, merger and  acquisition of investment bank. Three years there, I got very tired of it, then I met Jon at an airport, actually, it was interesting. And we decided that it was time for us leave. We saw different opportunities and at the end, we quit our jobs and here we are now.Martin: Great! How did you come up with this business idea of Ticketbis?Ander: I mean, what we did we looked at several opportunities. We knew we wanted to leave the bank and we had enough of investment bank. So we looked at several business that were very successful in the  US, but there was no similar competition in Europe or  Latin America. And so, we looked there for different business model and at the end we looked at 6 -7 different business models, and we realized that this was the one that have greater opportunity and that we like to pursue, we like the most.So once we knew that, we quit our jobs and without presentation, we went back to  Bilbao, our hometown.Jon: Our hometown.Ander: To his parents house, actually.  And we make our office in his parents house and started the business.Martin: What has been the major criteria for selecting this business idea over others?Jon: First of all, because the werent many competitors, There were som e and they were quite big, but they focused on developed countries such as the US and  UK. Second one, its because that margins were very high, our commission were 25%. And third one is because financially speaking, is was a very good business. Because first, you get the money from the buyer, and then you pay the ticket seller. So you keep this money in your bank account. So this financially is really good. And then maybe the last one, it’s more like our feelings, its that this sector is very appealing because you are in contact with music, with sports, football games and we like it a lot.BUSINESS MODEL OF TICKETBISMartin: Explain your business model. How does it work?Ander: Well basically Ticketbis is a fan to fan exchange. So basically, we allow fans to sell or buy tickets. And we provide this technology, a platform, where the fans can get, if they have a ticket, an extra ticket for a game and theyre not going to go or they want to sell it for whatever reason, they can sell it s imply in 2 or 3 steps. And if theyre not able to buy the tickets regionally because the event is sold out or maybe there is a ticket below face value in the platform, or whatever reason, they can buy and go to Ticketbis, look at the offer, buy the tickets they wanted and go to the event. So we give this chance to the fans.Martin: This is kind of secondary market place for tickets between individuals. Matching the demand and supply, what is the typical ratio, you would say, from people who are just registered and interested in getting a ticket and people providing the tickets?Ander: To be honest, this is a ratio that is mostly 50%, 60% people who put the ticket with details and everything, finally find a buyer for those tickets. But at the end, it really depends on the characteristic of the ticket, the event, the demand of the event, and the price. The price is the most important thing.I mean, if you sell your ticket, you put a ridiculous  price, you are not going to sell your ticket , right. Its a matter of how much do you want back for your ticket. You put a price that is below face value, there is a big chance that theres a fan who is going to buy the ticket. Buying it from you instead of buying it from the primary market, right.Martin: And is it the people who are selling the tickets are putting a fixed price or is it auction based?Jon: No, its not auction based. This is fixed price, but they can change the price.  They start with a price and depending on the supply, they put lower.Martin: They can change?Jon: They can change. Because theres like a competition among sellers. So if you have another seller who is putting a price lower than you, you need to lower it because you want to sell your ticket. So you can change your price.Martin: Okay. I assume you are commission based?Ander: Correct.Martin: What is your average commission on a ticket sale?Ander: Well, we charge 10% to the seller, 15% to the buyer. So we charge 25% total of the transaction. And its a standard commission in the market, I mean we copy the amount that is in the  US thats  been working very successfully for quite a long time. We just copy that model, the commission based model. And its the same, all of our competitors use the same commission model.Martin: So basically, you collect the money 100%, you get 25%, you need to pay also the payment cost, PayPal, I dont know, credit card.Ander: That 25% covers everything. From sending the ticket from a seller to the buyer, to our guarantee, to keeping the ticket to transfer in the morning to the seller, dealing if theres any problem, no money no problem, but if theres  something, were dealing with it. So it covers absolutely all the service.Martin: And the tickets are they all on a paper base, or also voucher tickets?Jon: It depends on the country. For example, in Southern Europe and Latin America, they use more paper tickets, but in a more developed countries like  Germany  or  France, you can see paper tickets but the tr end is that they are going to e-ticket.Martin: How do you acquire these fans to use your platform?Ander: Thats a very good question. Well, at the end, when you enter any market, you need a seller, right. So what we do is, we went to market and we announced the platform is there, so there is people who can actually sell their tickets. Sometimes even at the beginning, we are the ones who provide the first tickets for our market. So we are providing the first tickets when we go to our markets so theres some inventory in the market place, at the beginning. But then it kicked off very fast. Once the fans started knowing that there is a place where they can sell their tickets and buy those tickets, they started putting tickets for sale, fans can buy their tickets and it comes quite nice and quite quickly.But then its a service that is needed, right. Before Ticketbis arrive to a lot of the market where theres no, we dont have any competition like in all Latin America and most part of  Asia . There wasnt a platform where you can do this. So the only solution to get a ticket from a secondary market was to actually go to the street, stand in front of a stadium and sell your tickets. You dont really know whats going to happen. Or the other option was to go to a forum, and Skype together with  the guy who sell you on, when he said I sell you the ticket for  â‚¬100, and you meet him somewhere in the town, and hes going to give you a paper ticket and you dont know if its valid or not and you are going to give him some money, and lets see what happen with the deal at the event, right.So what we thought is, what we have seen is, the service is very well acquired in the market, fans really like it, because it gives another chance to get their tickets and to sell their tickets. So the time for the market to kick off in market where theres no competition is quite  a lot, actually.Jon: Answering your question, how do we get the buyer?Ander: I thought you were saying the seller, I dont know.Jon: No, the buyer. You started with seller. We focus our marketing strategy mainly in online marketing. So we have, SEM, affiliates and also we do some, we have a communication team and with some PR. And now we are doing some test in offline marketing like advertisement in radios and newspapers and on TV.Martin: But I think its a totally great move for entering a new market just for creating some kind of shelf inventory that yourself are becoming the trader. Thats quite related to your former work.Ander: But you need to do it at the beginning for the market to start. Then you get out but its, the fans thats selling the tickets or buying the tickets.Jon: Because if you are the buyer and there is no inventory or no ticket, they are not going to come again to your site.Martin: But when you create the first inventory, if youre entering a new country, are you focusing on a specific niche, I dont know, a specific artists, or specific sports type, or something like that. Becau se I mean, its quite a capital intensive to provide all.Jon: No, we dont. We start with the most demanded events, like the main singers or bands and the main football team for example. And then, the market start working where sellers start to come to our market and we don’t invest anymore.Martin: Okay.CORPORATE STRATEGY OF TICKETBISMartin: Corporate strategy. What do you think, what makes you special and create a competitive advantage if you are entering a market? So why should people continue buying with your platform or selling the tickets except of other platforms?Ander: Well, what we do different than other platform is that, we have a global company with a local focus. In order to market, we have an office, we have local people. Here actually in  Madrid,  we have 29 different nationalities. So for us, opening in a market, is not only open the website. We have local guys in most of the countries, we have local entity as well. So we have, we are mixed between more global busines s but with a local component that I think is important. Thats one of our key difference.Jon: Yes, and we are very strong in marketing. Our marketing budget is not very high. But we, our team does a very good job, so we can probably say that we are very good at that. We can compete against anyone. And then on the seller side, we think our relationship with our sellers is very close, very good. So they tend to stay with us.Martin: Okay. Understood.  Are you making money on the first client, or is it more that you want have a repeat customer basis, where you need at least, on average 2 or 3 purchases or sales  in order to break even?Ander: We always go for, with our marketing strategy, we go for a positive ROI. We dont do any LTV of clients or anything, theres nothing like that. So normally what we do is, our marketing budget is very low, as Jon was saying. What weve done is with a very low budget. But because of that, because we have a very strict and straight way to spend it and it h as to be a positive ROI from day one. So that’s what weve been doing it, having been able to grow the business in a lot of countries with a little financing.Martin: Thats great.Jon: We havent reached the break even point yet, because we have been very aggressive. If we are only in  Spain  or in a few countries, we would reach positive number for sure. But because we have opened in many countries in the last few years, we are around in 20 countries right now. And when you open in a country, its an investment. You need like between 8 24 months in order  toAnder: To make it profitable.Martin: Totally.MARKET DEVELOPMENTMartin: How do you perceive the market development for the primary ticket market and the secondary ticket market in the Spanish speaking countries?Ander: I mean, the model we look at was in the most developed market, in the  US. In  the  US  you can see the primary market that was the only thing that exist in 2001. When the first website was created it was called Step Up, which was actually by eBay a while ago. And what they were able to do is put the demand on the customers, that tickets are sold out, theres another way to get those tickets. That has made the  US  market, the secondary  US  market to go from 0 and in 10 years to 4.5 billion last year.You compare it to the primary market, the primary market is around 2 billion. So its  4 to 22 but the difference is in the primary market the commission is 6 7 %, secondary is 25%, right. If you look at the revenue based, they are not that far away.In Europe, Latin America or  Asia, the secondary market is still very-very little. I mean, except in the  UK  where its more developed and  Germany  is getting there as well, the rest of the countries, the secondary market is very unknown by the population. The population dont know that they have a safe place where they can buy tickets or anything. Its not known.That makes the people when the event is sold out, or even when they need to find a ticket, they dont go first to the secondary market to see if theres a price which is below face value or anything. Theyll go directly to primary market and dont look that much outside of it. But this trend is changing of course. The secondary market is developing very quickly in Europe, Latin America and soon  Asia, hopefully, because we are starting there.We have seen the trend that this is growing much-much faster than the primary market. Primary market is stable, the secondary market is growing very fast. Just to give you  a sense, I mean, in the time weve been operating the company, first we did  â‚¬1 million in gross ticket sales, second year we did 5, third year we did 12, fourth year 28, and this year were going to be over 60. So its growing very fast.Jon: Hopefully.Ander: Hopefully if everything goes as planned.Jon: 55-60.Ander: As you see, the development is always doubling very year and we dont see an end to the trend in a short term, to be honest.Martin: If you look at this seco ndary market, what is the major driver? Why  is it not as develop as the primary? Is it because the people dont trust it yet or because they dont know about it, or is there another reason for it?Jon: Its a mix but. First of all they don’t know about it. If you go here in  Spain  on the street and you ask, Do you know a place to buy tickets for a sold out event? Most people have no idea about it. They say, Okay you have to go to this street. Thats wrong. Thats the first point.Then the second one is trust. Before Ticketbis arrived, people use to use second had website or classified website. So there, you contact a person, you call him or her, you have to meet this person on the street, maybe the tickets they give you are fake. So people, this type is not trustworthy.Ander: Correct.Jon: So they say, for us the key factor is trust.Martin: Okay. From  my point of view, its just lowering the transaction cost because as you said, the former times the people go to a forum, spent time, ca ll people, spend money for the telecommunication, meet this guy, that all compared are high opportunity costs. And if you now make it possible with trust system, maybe some rating of the sellers, etc. to lower this kind of transactions cost, maybe thats why the  people are buying.Jon: Yes, definitely.ADVICE TO ENTREPRENEURS In Madrid we interviewed the founders of the secondary ticket market platform Ticketbis, Jon Uriarte and Ander Michelena.On ticketbis individuals can buy and sell tickets. Both founders shared their emotional story of how they got started, what the business model is, some insights on the ticketing market, and what it takes to become a great entrepreneur.The transcript of the interview is below.INTRODUCTIONMartin: Hi. Today we are in  Madrid  at Ticketbis, with Jon and Ander. Who are you and what do you do?Jon: Hi. My name is Jon,  Jon Uriarte, I am one of the CEOs of Ticketbis, I was born in  Bilbao. I studied there and when I got my degree, I went to work in  London. I worked most of the years in a ML,  Merrill  Lynch  and I moved to Morgan Stanley, I worked in private wealth management department. After that, I was a bit tired of  London  lifestyle and banking style and I quit it and went back to  Spain  to start my own business, Ticketbis.Martin: Cool.Ander: My name is Ander  Mich elena. It was quite similar, Im the other CEO of Ticketbis. Similar to Jon, I studied in Span then I moved to  London  to work in merger, at Morgan Stanley, merger and  acquisition of investment bank. Three years there, I got very tired of it, then I met Jon at an airport, actually, it was interesting. And we decided that it was time for us leave. We saw different opportunities and at the end, we quit our jobs and here we are now.Martin: Great! How did you come up with this business idea of Ticketbis?Ander: I mean, what we did we looked at several opportunities. We knew we wanted to leave the bank and we had enough of investment bank. So we looked at several business that were very successful in the  US, but there was no similar competition in Europe or  Latin America. And so, we looked there for different business model and at the end we looked at 6 -7 different business models, and we realized that this was the one that have greater opportunity and that we like to pursue, we lik e the most.So once we knew that, we quit our jobs and without presentation, we went back to  Bilbao, our hometown.Jon: Our hometown.Ander: To his parents house, actually.  And we make our office in his parents house and started the business.Martin: What has been the major criteria for selecting this business idea over others?Jon: First of all, because the werent many competitors, There were some and they were quite big, but they focused on developed countries such as the US and  UK. Second one, its because that margins were very high, our commission were 25%. And third one is because financially speaking, is was a very good business. Because first, you get the money from the buyer, and then you pay the ticket seller. So you keep this money in your bank account. So this financially is really good. And then maybe the last one, it’s more like our feelings, its that this sector is very appealing because you are in contact with music, with sports, football games and we like it a lot.BU SINESS MODEL OF TICKETBISMartin: Explain your business model. How does it work?Ander: Well basically Ticketbis is a fan to fan exchange. So basically, we allow fans to sell or buy tickets. And we provide this technology, a platform, where the fans can get, if they have a ticket, an extra ticket for a game and theyre not going to go or they want to sell it for whatever reason, they can sell it simply in 2 or 3 steps. And if theyre not able to buy the tickets regionally because the event is sold out or maybe there is a ticket below face value in the platform, or whatever reason, they can buy and go to Ticketbis, look at the offer, buy the tickets they wanted and go to the event. So we give this chance to the fans.Martin: This is kind of secondary market place for tickets between individuals. Matching the demand and supply, what is the typical ratio, you would say, from people who are just registered and interested in getting a ticket and people providing the tickets?Ander: To be hones t, this is a ratio that is mostly 50%, 60% people who put the ticket with details and everything, finally find a buyer for those tickets. But at the end, it really depends on the characteristic of the ticket, the event, the demand of the event, and the price. The price is the most important thing.I mean, if you sell your ticket, you put a ridiculous  price, you are not going to sell your ticket, right. Its a matter of how much do you want back for your ticket. You put a price that is below face value, there is a big chance that theres a fan who is going to buy the ticket. Buying it from you instead of buying it from the primary market, right.Martin: And is it the people who are selling the tickets are putting a fixed price or is it auction based?Jon: No, its not auction based. This is fixed price, but they can change the price.  They start with a price and depending on the supply, they put lower.Martin: They can change?Jon: They can change. Because theres like a competition among se llers. So if you have another seller who is putting a price lower than you, you need to lower it because you want to sell your ticket. So you can change your price.Martin: Okay. I assume you are commission based?Ander: Correct.Martin: What is your average commission on a ticket sale?Ander: Well, we charge 10% to the seller, 15% to the buyer. So we charge 25% total of the transaction. And its a standard commission in the market, I mean we copy the amount that is in the  US thats  been working very successfully for quite a long time. We just copy that model, the commission based model. And its the same, all of our competitors use the same commission model.Martin: So basically, you collect the money 100%, you get 25%, you need to pay also the payment cost, PayPal, I dont know, credit card.Ander: That 25% covers everything. From sending the ticket from a seller to the buyer, to our guarantee, to keeping the ticket to transfer in the morning to the seller, dealing if theres any problem, no money no problem, but if theres  something, were dealing with it. So it covers absolutely all the service.Martin: And the tickets are they all on a paper base, or also voucher tickets?Jon: It depends on the country. For example, in Southern Europe and Latin America, they use more paper tickets, but in a more developed countries like  Germany  or  France, you can see paper tickets but the trend is that they are going to e-ticket.Martin: How do you acquire these fans to use your platform?Ander: Thats a very good question. Well, at the end, when you enter any market, you need a seller, right. So what we do is, we went to market and we announced the platform is there, so there is people who can actually sell their tickets. Sometimes even at the beginning, we are the ones who provide the first tickets for our market. So we are providing the first tickets when we go to our markets so theres some inventory in the market place, at the beginning. But then it kicked off very fast. Once th e fans started knowing that there is a place where they can sell their tickets and buy those tickets, they started putting tickets for sale, fans can buy their tickets and it comes quite nice and quite quickly.But then its a service that is needed, right. Before Ticketbis arrive to a lot of the market where theres no, we dont have any competition like in all Latin America and most part of  Asia. There wasnt a platform where you can do this. So the only solution to get a ticket from a secondary market was to actually go to the street, stand in front of a stadium and sell your tickets. You dont really know whats going to happen. Or the other option was to go to a forum, and Skype together with  the guy who sell you on, when he said I sell you the ticket for  â‚¬100, and you meet him somewhere in the town, and hes going to give you a paper ticket and you dont know if its valid or not and you are going to give him some money, and lets see what happen with the deal at the event, right.S o what we thought is, what we have seen is, the service is very well acquired in the market, fans really like it, because it gives another chance to get their tickets and to sell their tickets. So the time for the market to kick off in market where theres no competition is quite  a lot, actually.Jon: Answering your question, how do we get the buyer?Ander: I thought you were saying the seller, I dont know.Jon: No, the buyer. You started with seller. We focus our marketing strategy mainly in online marketing. So we have, SEM, affiliates and also we do some, we have a communication team and with some PR. And now we are doing some test in offline marketing like advertisement in radios and newspapers and on TV.Martin: But I think its a totally great move for entering a new market just for creating some kind of shelf inventory that yourself are becoming the trader. Thats quite related to your former work.Ander: But you need to do it at the beginning for the market to start. Then you get out but its, the fans thats selling the tickets or buying the tickets.Jon: Because if you are the buyer and there is no inventory or no ticket, they are not going to come again to your site.Martin: But when you create the first inventory, if youre entering a new country, are you focusing on a specific niche, I dont know, a specific artists, or specific sports type, or something like that. Because I mean, its quite a capital intensive to provide all.Jon: No, we dont. We start with the most demanded events, like the main singers or bands and the main football team for example. And then, the market start working where sellers start to come to our market and we don’t invest anymore.Martin: Okay.CORPORATE STRATEGY OF TICKETBISMartin: Corporate strategy. What do you think, what makes you special and create a competitive advantage if you are entering a market? So why should people continue buying with your platform or selling the tickets except of other platforms?Ander: Well, what we do different than other platform is that, we have a global company with a local focus. In order to market, we have an office, we have local people. Here actually in  Madrid,  we have 29 different nationalities. So for us, opening in a market, is not only open the website. We have local guys in most of the countries, we have local entity as well. So we have, we are mixed between more global business but with a local component that I think is important. Thats one of our key difference.Jon: Yes, and we are very strong in marketing. Our marketing budget is not very high. But we, our team does a very good job, so we can probably say that we are very good at that. We can compete against anyone. And then on the seller side, we think our relationship with our sellers is very close, very good. So they tend to stay with us.Martin: Okay. Understood.  Are you making money on the first client, or is it more that you want have a repeat customer basis, where you need at least, on average 2 or 3 purch ases or sales  in order to break even?Ander: We always go for, with our marketing strategy, we go for a positive ROI. We dont do any LTV of clients or anything, theres nothing like that. So normally what we do is, our marketing budget is very low, as Jon was saying. What weve done is with a very low budget. But because of that, because we have a very strict and straight way to spend it and it has to be a positive ROI from day one. So that’s what weve been doing it, having been able to grow the business in a lot of countries with a little financing.Martin: Thats great.Jon: We havent reached the break even point yet, because we have been very aggressive. If we are only in  Spain  or in a few countries, we would reach positive number for sure. But because we have opened in many countries in the last few years, we are around in 20 countries right now. And when you open in a country, its an investment. You need like between 8 24 months in order  toAnder: To make it profitable.Martin: Totally.MARKET DEVELOPMENTMartin: How do you perceive the market development for the primary ticket market and the secondary ticket market in the Spanish speaking countries?Ander: I mean, the model we look at was in the most developed market, in the  US. In  the  US  you can see the primary market that was the only thing that exist in 2001. When the first website was created it was called Step Up, which was actually by eBay a while ago. And what they were able to do is put the demand on the customers, that tickets are sold out, theres another way to get those tickets. That has made the  US  market, the secondary  US  market to go from 0 and in 10 years to 4.5 billion last year.You compare it to the primary market, the primary market is around 2 billion. So its  4 to 22 but the difference is in the primary market the commission is 6 7 %, secondary is 25%, right. If you look at the revenue based, they are not that far away.In Europe, Latin America or  Asia, the secondary market is still very-very little. I mean, except in the  UK  where its more developed and  Germany  is getting there as well, the rest of the countries, the secondary market is very unknown by the population. The population dont know that they have a safe place where they can buy tickets or anything. Its not known.That makes the people when the event is sold out, or even when they need to find a ticket, they dont go first to the secondary market to see if theres a price which is below face value or anything. Theyll go directly to primary market and dont look that much outside of it. But this trend is changing of course. The secondary market is developing very quickly in Europe, Latin America and soon  Asia, hopefully, because we are starting there.We have seen the trend that this is growing much-much faster than the primary market. Primary market is stable, the secondary market is growing very fast. Just to give you  a sense, I mean, in the time weve been operating the company, first we did  â‚¬1 million in gross ticket sales, second year we did 5, third year we did 12, fourth year 28, and this year were going to be over 60. So its growing very fast.Jon: Hopefully.Ander: Hopefully if everything goes as planned.Jon: 55-60.Ander: As you see, the development is always doubling very year and we dont see an end to the trend in a short term, to be honest.Martin: If you look at this secondary market, what is the major driver? Why  is it not as develop as the primary? Is it because the people dont trust it yet or because they dont know about it, or is there another reason for it?Jon: Its a mix but. First of all they don’t know about it. If you go here in  Spain  on the street and you ask, Do you know a place to buy tickets for a sold out event? Most people have no idea about it. They say, Okay you have to go to this street. Thats wrong. Thats the first point.Then the second one is trust. Before Ticketbis arrived, people use to use second had website or classified website. S o there, you contact a person, you call him or her, you have to meet this person on the street, maybe the tickets they give you are fake. So people, this type is not trustworthy.Ander: Correct.Jon: So they say, for us the key factor is trust.Martin: Okay. From  my point of view, its just lowering the transaction cost because as you said, the former times the people go to a forum, spent time, call people, spend money for the telecommunication, meet this guy, that all compared are high opportunity costs. And if you now make it possible with trust system, maybe some rating of the sellers, etc. to lower this kind of transactions cost, maybe thats why the  people are buying.Jon: Yes, definitely.ADVICE TO ENTREPRENEURSMartin: We always try to share some insights with our readers from entrepreneurs like you. You made  a lot of mistakes.Ander: Of course, like all entrepreneurs. We  make a lot of mistakes.Martin: But we always want to share to help people become better entrepreneurs. What are your top 4 or 5 mistakes that you made and what should other first time entrepreneurs do in order not to make that?Ander: First one I would say, the easy one for me, focus. Sorry think another one.Jon: Thank you.Ander: I mean, when we launched the business we have  a lot of ideas. We start with the secondary ticket platform with Ticketbis, by the same time 6 months later, we launched another website, that was called Eventbis, basically its a Eventbrite, I dont know if you know Eventbrite. Its like the copycat of Eventbrite, a do-it-yourself ticketing model for primary market. And we launched it in  Spain, at some point we even have it in  Italy, working in  Mexico, and then in several countries. And we did that in parallel with Ticketbis. To be honest, it didnt work.It didnt work because we were a small company and we didnt have the focus on both things. It was impossible to have the resources for both things. At the end what happen is, two models are different. Ticketbis goes very fast, you get revenue quite easy and it was working very well. The other one is a medium term business, where you need to get all the promoters on board and little by little you make a small base growth every year, right. There were two completely different business. So what happen at the end with the team is they tend to go to one thats going faster,  and the other one little by little we abandon it. At some point we decided, Okay better kill it because we are losing focus.Martin: And with focus, do you mean like time or money, or both?Ander: Both. If you have an idea go for it until the end. Dont start thinkingAnder: In the end. If it worksJon: If it works, go go go. If it doesnt work, you can try to  find something around. But if it works, don’t start thinking of other ideas that might work. You have something that works, go for it.Jon: The problem is, when you are an entrepreneur you always have many ideas. In the beginning, an idea is a opportunity for you. Okay, you a re doing this, but we can do that and this and that. And you feel, all of them are opportunities that if you don’t do, youre going to lose them. So you try to do all of them. Exactly. It doesnt make sense. You have time, you have money, you have experience, so that was a great error.Ander: Imagine, we have raised until now, until now we have raised  â‚¬4.5 million in equity, thats what we have raised. And that, at that moment, for the last first 2 years, we spent at the end, we made a calculation around 1 million on this part of the business.Jon: Half a million, 600 thousand. Its a lot of money.Ander: A lot of money for us, it was a lot of money. A lot of time we were thinking, what would have happened if I spent in growing  faster Ticketbis, where would we be right now? Im sure well be doing much bigger than what we are doing right now. So that was one of the furthest thing. Now its your turn.Jon: The second one is focus. ?? No, the second one is, in the first stages of the busin ess dont focus too much on product. Try to spend your money in other things, especially in sales, marketing, and people. Because when you start, for example, in an online business, you start preparing the site and instead of launching it and improving it, you want to launch  a perfect version of it, because you think, my friends are going to look at it, my mom, my family, you think you are going to get a lot of traffic from the very beginning. Thats not true. Maybe like one person is going to visit your site, and its your brother, your mom. So no problem in launching a not very good version. And instead of doing that, you should only invest that money on people, on talent. Thats the right investment and in marketing and in sales.Martin: So these are the first two.Ander: Its getting interesting. Okay, third one, another one. This time its not focus, its something different. I will say, because this happen o us when we launched in another country, one of the things  a lot of people tell you is to register the brand. At the beginning we didnt believe them, so for example we launched in  Mexico  and 6 months later after we launched in  Mexico, the business is going good, lets register the brand because for us spending  â‚¬1000 at that moment was like, I don’t want to spend  â‚¬1000 in registering brand. Thats stupid. We didnt do it. 6 months later when we try to do it, somebody has registered the brand. It was a primary ticket company. We are not direct competitor but theyre a ticketing company and they  register the brand.So now we are in a lawsuit to get the brand back and everything, so instead of spending 1000, I spend 50 or 60 thousand to get the brand. So, I dont know. We don’t know yet what is going to be the final bill, but its going to be. Much more than the original one thousand euro, thats or sure. I know the advice is believe in people who tell you to register the brand, you have an idea and you use a more or less that is working, register the br and quickly.Martin: Okay. It totally make sense. I would compare how much investment am I putting into this market, and if its like  â‚¬50 or 100 thousand in advertising, building a brand and I didnt protect it.Ander: Exactly.Martin: I am at risk. And the question is how high is the probability of me having to go to court for the loss.  2 to 1 right.Ander: Come on, Jon. Pressure.Jon: Okay. Fourth one.Ander: Last one right?..Jon: I have another one. Let me explain it.Martin: This interview will go a little bit longer, like 2 hours.Jon: They say Im there. Fourth one it was a huge error. Its the partner. Im joking. This is advice, this is not an error. But in the partner, you can do it on your own, but I think having a  partner is really good because like  starting your business is every time up and down, up and down. And you need someone to compensate it. Especially if it is  like a positive person like Ander.Then if you choose a partner, I want to do it with a partner, you should try to pick a complementary, compatible partner. You have  strength and weakness. And your weakness should be  compensated by your partners. So you have to choose the right one. And be careful with your friends and your family because maybe they think, this friend is going to be the first partner, I mean hes not. You lose a partner, you lose a friend or you lose a family.Martin: Thats right. Okay. Thank you very much Jon and Ander! And maybe next time when you buy a ticket, buy at Ticketbis.Jon: For sure.

Race in Different Countries - 1270 Words

Race can be categorized quite differently and can vary from country to country. When defining race, it can be complex in that every country, even an individual within a country, has different criteria and viewpoints when identifying a person’s race. For some countries and for some people, race is the color of your skin, or the background that you come from, or even biological and physical traits. Therefore, it’s crucial to thoroughly explain the topic of race and how it plays into context in today’s society. For example, what is considered â€Å"race† in Brazil is different than what it is in other countries. In Brazil, race is categorized by biological anthropology, or by the way someone looks physically. Brazilians look at skin tone and a series of tipos, when considering race. Jefferson Fish describes how Brazil thinks of race in his excerpt, Mixed Blood. Fish interviewed his daughter and her daughter’s boyfriend from Brazil. According to his daughter, she is black because her mother is black. However, according to her Brazilian boyfriend, he is not black even though he is darker than her. Some of Brazil’s racial tipos, or categories, are as follows: Laura are people who are very white in skin color, with straight blond hair, green or blue eyes, thin lips and a narrow nose. Branca people have light skin color, hair of any color or texture (except tight curls), any color of eyes, not too much of a broad nose and lips that aren’t too thick. Morena people have wavy or curlyShow MoreRelated The Role of Ethnicity and Race in the Way Audiences Interpret Media Messages1598 Words   |  7 PagesThe Role of Ethnicity and Race in the Way Audiences Interpret Media Messages According to the sociological definition of race and ethnicity, there is a close interrelation between race and ethnicity. Race has not been defined by the biological difference that it is stood on the social construct. 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Comparing Shakespeare s Oedipus The King And Death...

COMPARING TRAGEDIES THROUGHOUT TIME By Daniel Konshak What is a tragedy? Merriam-Webster dictionary defines tragedy as a serious drama typically describing a conflict between the protagonist and a superior force, such as destiny, and having a sorrowful or disastrous conclusion that elicits pity or terror. Two such examples of literary tragedies are â€Å"Oedipus the King† by Sophocles and â€Å"Death of a Salesman† by Arthur Miller. Although written over 2000 years apart, there are many similarities between the two literary works, but with varying degrees of differences as well. Some of the key areas to be examined when making this comparison are: the social status of the main characters, the psychological mindsets the characters are in, their respective lack of self-awareness, whether their fate was deserved or not, and the main fatal flaw of each main character. Let’s begin by first examining the social status of the two main characters from each literary selection. In â€Å"Oedipus the Kin g† by Sophocles, the main character is, of course, Oedipus. As the story unfolds, we find that Oedipus has been plagued by the prophecy that said he â€Å"should lie with his own mother† and â€Å"be his father’s murderer† (Sophocles, 385). Oedipus, in trying to break this prophecy, flees from the city to escape this fate. However, unbeknownst to Oedipus, he was actually born in Thebes and not in the city of Corinth as he originally believed. So, instead of escaping the city and the fate of theShow MoreRelatedSeminar: Literary Theory Applied to H.P. Lovecraft-Notably â€Å"the Beast in the Cave†6821 Words   |  28 Pages(Lovecraft, H. P. Supernatural Horror in Literature). Even when wrote with such debatable simplicity, it is an excellent self-description of Lovecraft’s writing style and a backdrop to understanding his most re-occurring theme. Since the time of his death, over seventy-five years ago, H.P. Lovecraft has been criticized with iron teeth or not at all, yet his work continues to spread vast influence over a subculture and will continue to do so for years to come. I, being almost awestruck at the lack ofRead MoreDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words   |  1617 Pagesbuilt-in pretests and posttests, focus on what you need to learn and to review in order to succeed. Visit www.mymanagementlab.com to learn more. DEVELOPING MANAGEMENT SKILLS EIGHTH EDITION David A. Whetten BRIGHAM YOUNG UNIVERSITY Kim S. Cameron UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN Prentice Hall Boston Columbus Indianapolis New York San Francisco Upper Saddle River Amsterdam Cape Town Dubai London Madrid Milan Munich Paris Montreal Toronto Delhi Mexico City Sao Paulo Sydney Hong Kong Seoul Singapore

Comparing Shakespeare s Oedipus The King And Death...

COMPARING TRAGEDIES THROUGHOUT TIME By Daniel Konshak What is a tragedy? Merriam-Webster dictionary defines tragedy as a serious drama typically describing a conflict between the protagonist and a superior force, such as destiny, and having a sorrowful or disastrous conclusion that elicits pity or terror. Two such examples of literary tragedies are â€Å"Oedipus the King† by Sophocles and â€Å"Death of a Salesman† by Arthur Miller. Although written over 2000 years apart, there are many similarities between the two literary works, but with varying degrees of differences as well. Some of the key areas to be examined when making this comparison are: the social status of the main characters, the psychological mindsets the characters are in, their respective lack of self-awareness, whether their fate was deserved or not, and the main fatal flaw of each main character. Let’s begin by first examining the social status of the two main characters from each literary selection. In â€Å"Oedipus the Kin g† by Sophocles, the main character is, of course, Oedipus. As the story unfolds, we find that Oedipus has been plagued by the prophecy that said he â€Å"should lie with his own mother† and â€Å"be his father’s murderer† (Sophocles, 385). Oedipus, in trying to break this prophecy, flees from the city to escape this fate. However, unbeknownst to Oedipus, he was actually born in Thebes and not in the city of Corinth as he originally believed. So, instead of escaping the city and the fate of theShow MoreRelatedSeminar: Literary Theory Applied to H.P. Lovecraft-Notably â€Å"the Beast in the Cave†6821 Words   |  28 Pages(Lovecraft, H. P. Supernatural Horror in Literature). Even when wrote with such debatable simplicity, it is an excellent self-description of Lovecraft’s writing style and a backdrop to understanding his most re-occurring theme. Since the time of his death, over seventy-five years ago, H.P. Lovecraft has been criticized with iron teeth or not at all, yet his work continues to spread vast influence over a subculture and will continue to do so for years to come. I, being almost awestruck at the lack ofRead MoreDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words   |  1617 Pagesbuilt-in pretests and posttests, focus on what you need to learn and to review in order to succeed. Visit www.mymanagementlab.com to learn more. DEVELOPING MANAGEMENT SKILLS EIGHTH EDITION David A. Whetten BRIGHAM YOUNG UNIVERSITY Kim S. Cameron UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN Prentice Hall Boston Columbus Indianapolis New York San Francisco Upper Saddle River Amsterdam Cape Town Dubai London Madrid Milan Munich Paris Montreal Toronto Delhi Mexico City Sao Paulo Sydney Hong Kong Seoul Singapore

Comparing Shakespeare s Oedipus The King And Death...

COMPARING TRAGEDIES THROUGHOUT TIME By Daniel Konshak What is a tragedy? Merriam-Webster dictionary defines tragedy as a serious drama typically describing a conflict between the protagonist and a superior force, such as destiny, and having a sorrowful or disastrous conclusion that elicits pity or terror. Two such examples of literary tragedies are â€Å"Oedipus the King† by Sophocles and â€Å"Death of a Salesman† by Arthur Miller. Although written over 2000 years apart, there are many similarities between the two literary works, but with varying degrees of differences as well. Some of the key areas to be examined when making this comparison are: the social status of the main characters, the psychological mindsets the characters are in, their respective lack of self-awareness, whether their fate was deserved or not, and the main fatal flaw of each main character. Let’s begin by first examining the social status of the two main characters from each literary selection. In â€Å"Oedipus the Kin g† by Sophocles, the main character is, of course, Oedipus. As the story unfolds, we find that Oedipus has been plagued by the prophecy that said he â€Å"should lie with his own mother† and â€Å"be his father’s murderer† (Sophocles, 385). Oedipus, in trying to break this prophecy, flees from the city to escape this fate. However, unbeknownst to Oedipus, he was actually born in Thebes and not in the city of Corinth as he originally believed. So, instead of escaping the city and the fate of theShow MoreRelatedSeminar: Literary Theory Applied to H.P. Lovecraft-Notably â€Å"the Beast in the Cave†6821 Words   |  28 Pages(Lovecraft, H. P. Supernatural Horror in Literature). Even when wrote with such debatable simplicity, it is an excellent self-description of Lovecraft’s writing style and a backdrop to understanding his most re-occurring theme. Since the time of his death, over seventy-five years ago, H.P. Lovecraft has been criticized with iron teeth or not at all, yet his work continues to spread vast influence over a subculture and will continue to do so for years to come. I, being almost awestruck at the lack ofRead MoreDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words   |  1617 Pagesbuilt-in pretests and posttests, focus on what you need to learn and to review in order to succeed. Visit www.mymanagementlab.com to learn more. DEVELOPING MANAGEMENT SKILLS EIGHTH EDITION David A. Whetten BRIGHAM YOUNG UNIVERSITY Kim S. Cameron UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN Prentice Hall Boston Columbus Indianapolis New York San Francisco Upper Saddle River Amsterdam Cape Town Dubai London Madrid Milan Munich Paris Montreal Toronto Delhi Mexico City Sao Paulo Sydney Hong Kong Seoul Singapore

International Business Environment Free Essays

In a dynamic and competitive world of macro political power and interests, in which occupational groups gain and/or maintain professional standing based on the creation of legal boundaries that mark out the position of specific occupational groups –be they in accountancy and architecture or law and medicine. However, if this suggests that the process of professionalisation has differential socio-political dimensions, so too does the fact that not all learned occupations necessarily become professions. This point is more recently underlined by the comparison of herbalism and acupuncture in England, where herbalists alone have been earmarked by government to gain legal closure through statutory regulation given a perceived need for greater public protection in this area – despite having equivalent knowledge and expertise and arguably less rigorous and unified occupational organisational structures to those of the acupuncturists(Saks 2011) on also needs to be paid to the ideological dimen-sions of professions above and beyond knowledge and expertise in understanding the success and failure of professionalisation in defining professions. We will write a custom essay sample on International Business Environment or any similar topic only for you Order Now This can be illustrated with reference to altruism, so often put forwardby taxonomic writers as a distinctive actual professional characteristic (Saks 1995). The case of herbalism and acupuncture underlines its potential importance, as the British government has Saks: Defining a Profession:The Role of Knowledge and Expertisewww.professionsandprofessionalism.comPage6placed a heavy emphasis on the protection of the public in modernising the health professions (Baggott 2004). However, the level of altruism of professions relative to other occupations –as distinct from the legitimating ideological claim itself –has rarely been systematically scrutinised. Interestingly, while a recent replicated Swedish survey of a range of professions, semi-professions and pre-professions –from lawyers to graphic designers –unusually analysed the amount of public trust given to such groups, it did not examine the relative position of non-professionalised occupations (Svensson 2011). So who teaches on all of these courses? The FE college workforce has begun to emerge as a serious area of research interest, a process that has gathered pace during the last fifteen years or so as successive governments have sought to reform and regulate the workforce in different ways. During this period, FE teacher training has been reformed, made compulsory and then returned to a voluntary activity. And FE teachers have been ‘professionalised’ and ‘re-professionalised’. Over the last fifteen years, three entirely new sets of professional standards for teachers and trainers in the sector have in turn been consulted on, published, and mapped onto teacher-training curricula and staff appraisal systems. Continuing professional development has been mandated and then discarded. Mentoring and coaching have been introduced, although provision is uneven. One professional body – the Institute for Learning – came, briefly and rather unimpressively stayed, and then left, and a new professional organisation – the Society for Education and Training – has recently emerged instead. Not without reason has the sector been characterised as undergoing endless change. During the constant changes of the last fifteen years or so, the issue of teacher professionalism has remained persistently troublesome. Different models or philosophies of professionalism jostle for space amongst contradictory policy discourses and initiatives. Do we want a qualified workforce or not? Do we want compulsory CPD? Should FE teaching also be a graduate – or equivalent – profession? Should part-time staff be required to have the same professional qualifications as full-time staff? Are professional standards or benchmarks a tool for professional development or for quality assurance, audit and performance management? is it any wonder that meaningful discussions about what it means to be a professional teacher in FE remain difficult to pin down? Questions such as these persist but are arguably absent from much of the day-to-day experience of teachers in the sector, perhaps pushed sideways by teaching and assessment requirements (it is not uncommon for a full-time FE teacher to deliver over 850 contact hours each year) and employment conditions (almost two-thirds of teachers in FE are on part-time contracts and the staff turnover rate for teachers is almost one in five (Education and Training Foundation, 2014)). In a sector characterised by relatively high staff turnover, diversity in teacher profiles, backgrounds and experience, variable working conditions and constant changes to policy, is it any wonder that meaningful discussions about what it means to be a professional teacher in FE remain difficult to pin down? The Post-Compulsory and Lifelong Learning SIG seeks to encourage research into not only questions such as these relating to teacher preparation and professionalism, but also into other areas relating to further education, adult and community education and work-based learning more generally, including the curriculum, the students and the organisations involved. Come and talk to us at the 2015 conference, or get in touch online. References Education and Training Foundation (2014). Further Education Workforce Data for England. Retrieved from: http://www.et-foundation.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2014/09/SIR-Report.pdf (date accessed, 17 June 2015). Lucas, N. (2004). The ‘FENTO Fandango’: national standards, compulsory teaching qualifications and the growing regulation of FE teachers. Journal of Further and Higher Education 28(1) 35-51. Lucas, N., Nasta, T. and Rogers, L. (2012). From fragmentation to chaos? The regulation of initial teacher training in further education. British Educational Research Journal 38(4) 677-695. Robson, J. and Bailey, B. (2009). ‘Bowing from the heart’: an investigation into discourses of professionalism and the work of caring for students in further education. British Educational Research Journal 35(1) 99-117 Tummons, J. (2014a). The textual representation of professionalism: problematising professional standards for teachers in the UK lifelong learning sector. Research in Post-Compulsory Education 19(1): 33-44. Tummons, J. (2014b). Professional standards in teacher education: tracing discourses of professionalism through the analysis of textbooks Research in Post-Compulsory Education 19(4): 417-432. But these are all much more than simply ‘values’ we should hold or aspire to. They are prescriptive expectations of colleges, teachers and their practice that are constantly monitored, measured and audited. Quality assurance is rife in FE, from OFSTED inspections, stakeholder and learner surveys and course audits, to staff appraisals, observations and close analysis of (mainly) quantitative data. Smith (2016) points out that ‘quality assurance systems with their SMART targets and ‘measurable outcomes’ are regrettably a commonplae feature in FE. That is something that should give us serious cause for concern’. He argues that when QA procedures are implemented in an unintelligent, managerialist way several things happen: Good quality teaching and learning is valued less and there is greater focus on the ‘output’ – the success rates, achievement levels or retention rates alone. The quality of educational relationships are undermined Extra-ordinary, life-changing relationships between teachers, students and knowledge lose value This cycle of QA, auditing, control and measurement values and ‘prioritises the knowledge of policy-makers and auditors, rather than the expertise of the professional teacher’ (Pleasance, 2016, p.75). OFSTED inspections (much reduced in terms of depth and scope) only contribute to these phenomena since they take statistical data as a starting point and a defining factor in their judgements (Smith, 2016). So how do these conceptions of value and this heavy focus on QA impact me as a lecturer and on my learners? Personal values, better described as ‘the ethical bases of our actions and beliefs’ (Bolton, 2014, p.22) do change as we grow but are very deep seated and woven into our very being. Personal values drive our attitudes and actions, but we rarely stop to examine and question them. Balancing personal values and principles with those of the organisation and external bodies can be difficult. I like to take a humanistic, holistic approach to teaching and my learners (this fits with my person-centred, humanistic approach in my professional counselling role). I value my relationship with them, I want to make a difference, treat them with care, teach and behave with openness and integrity and help them leave the course with more than just a grade on a piece of paper. External and internal moderation systems, course evaluation and QA activities focus heavily on grades and achievement. I also value achievement for my learners but believe that education is more than just a grade or qualification that prepares a learner to earn money and contribute to the local and national economy. Ball (2004:15) agrees, highlighting a worrying trend in education, suggesting the commodification of education is producing a system where ‘beliefs and values are no longer important – it is output that counts’. How to cite International Business Environment, Papers

Primal Fear Essay Example

Primal Fear Paper The Psychology of Primal Fear Controlled Chaos Primal Fear is a movie starring Richard Greer and Edward Norton. At the beginning, Aaron (Edward Norton) kills the Archbishop of Chicago In a very grisly, brutal murder. The extremely egocentric Martin (Richard Greer) takes on the case of defending Aaron pro fond and the rest of the movie Is spent learning about the characters and figuring out the best way to defend Aaron and not lose the case. From a psychological point of view, this movie was amazing. From the ego and past of Martin Ball to the level of psychotically that Aaron exalts there Is more than enough material and Information for a psychologist to work with. We find out In the movie that Aaron comes from a broken home: his mom dies when he was a young boy and his dad was a bad man who apparently was abusive. Aaron Is later diagnosed with multiple-personality disorder. We find that the mild mannered, polite, simple minded 19 year old who stutters is only a part of who Aaron is. He is also harboring Roy, his other personality. We will write a custom essay sample on Primal Fear specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Primal Fear specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Primal Fear specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Roy is the complete opposite of Aaron. Aaron is right handed, Roy is left. Roy looks you in the eye, Aaron does not. Roy is also Eileen and aggressive. Whenever Roy comes out, Aaron loses time, which means he cant remember anything. Defending Aaron is Martin Vail. We learn later in the movie that Martin did a bad thing, and we are left to feel like maybe that is why he is a defense attorney, so that he can defend good people who do bad things. Clearly his past influences who he is, much as Aarons does. We also get the impression from Martin that he is a very egotistical person. He likes to see himself on television, and in the headlines, at one point asking a Journalist from a magazine owing a story on him that this will be on the cover correct? At the end of the movie, Aaron is tried but not convicted for the murder due to insanity. He is ordered to the psych ward of a prison for a month long evaluation and then the state will release him depending on the outcome of the evaluation. In a plot twist, we find out that there really was no Aaron and that Roy made up the non-violent, simple minded persona so that he could get away with murder. And so he did. The question remains though, if Roy has a violent personality, as he clearly does, and he Is able to make up this other persona, than Is he really crazy after all, or did he just do a masterful Job at acting? Primal Fear By Indiana Primal Fear is a movie starring Richard Greer and Edward Norton. At the beginning, Aaron (Edward Norton) kills the Archbishop of Chicago in a very grisly, defending Aaron pro bono and the rest of the movie is spent learning about the characters and figuring out the best way to defend Aaron and not lose the case. Of Martin Vail to the level of psychotics that Aaron exhibits there is more than enough material and information for a psychologist to work with. We find out in the boy and his dad was a bad man who apparently was abusive. Aaron is later diagnosed with multiple-personality disorder. We find that the mild mannered, also harboring ROY, his other personality. Roy is the complete opposite of Aaron. Violent and aggressive. Whenever ROY comes out, Aaron loses time, which means he cant remember anything. Defending Aaron is Martin Vail. We learn later in movie, Aaron is tried but not convicted for the murder due to insanity. He is is able to make up this other persona, than is he really crazy after all, or did he Just

2063115-250190 Essays - Business, Computing, Technology, Deception

2063115-250190 Essays - Business, Computing, Technology, Deception 2063115-250190 Arab Open University Faculty of Business Studies Business Functions in Context I B203A - Second Semester 2016-17 Tutor Marked Assessment Being Cheap is our specialty Hon Hai Precision Industry is sometimes called the biggest company you have never hear of. Yet it is one of the world's largest contract electronics manufacturers who produce many of the world's computer, consumer electronics and communications products for customers such as Apple, Dell, Nokia and Sony. Since it was founded in 1974, the company's growth has been phenomenal. It is now the world's biggest contract manufacturer for the electronics industry. Why? Because it can make these products cheaper than its rivals. In fact, the company is known for having an obsession with cutting its costs. Unlike some of its rivals, it has no imposing headquarters. The company is run from a five- storey concrete factory in a grimy suburb of Taipei and its annual meeting is held in the staff canteen. Doing anything else would be spending your money. Cheap is our specialty', says chairman Terry Gow , and he is regarded as having made Hon Hai the most effective company in his industry at controlling costs. The extra business this has brought has enabled the company to achieve economies of scale above those of its competitors. It has also expanded into making more of the components that go into its products than its competitors. Perhaps most significantly, Hon Hai has moved much of its manufacturing into China and other low-cost areas with plants in South-East Asia, Eastern Europe and Latin America. In China alone, it employs 100,000 people, and with wages rates as low as one-fifth of those in Taiwan many of Hon Hai's competitors have also shifted their production into China. Slack. N., Stuart, C., and Robert, J. (2010) Operations Management. Harlow, England: Financial Times Prentice Hall. Discussion Question s Question 1 (300 words, 30 marks) Identify the various ways in which Hon Hai has kept its costs low. Question 2 (200 words, 30 marks) How easy will it be for Hon Hai's competitors to copy the way it has kept its low costs. Question 3 ( 4 00 words, 4 0 marks) Explain the five performance objectives of operation. Discuss the effect of the four objectives on the cost objective. Support your answer with relevant examples. General instructions for students: This TMA should be written by students individually. TMA weight: 20% of total course grade. Cut-off date: Check LMS Plagiarism: It's imperative that you write your answer using your own words. Plagiarism will be penalized depending on its severity and according to AOU plagiarism policy. Format: you are expected to write your answer in an essay format: introduction, body paragraph(s) and a conclusion. Failing to do so could result in the deduction of up to 4 marks from your total TMA mark. Word count: your answer is expected to be w ithin the specified word count range. Not adhering to specified word count could result in the deduction of up to 4 marks of your total TMA mark. Referencing: You are expected to use the Harvard referencing style for in-text referencing and list of reference at the end. Failing to do so could result in the deduction of up to 4 marks of your total TMA mark. E-library: You are expected to use E-library sources to support your answers. A minimum of 3 sources is required. Failing to do so could result in the deduction of up to 4 marks of your total TMA mark.

Can a President Pardon Himself - Constitution and Laws

Can a President Pardon Himself - Constitution and Laws The question of whether a president can pardon himself arose during the 2016 presidential campaign when critics of Democratic nominee Hillary Clinton suggested she could face criminal prosecution or impeachment over her use of a private email server as secretary of the Department of State if she were to be elected. The topic also surfaced during the tumultuous presidency of Donald Trump, particularly after it was reported that the erratic businessman and former reality-television star and his lawyers  were discussing the president’s authority to grant pardons and that Trump was asking his advisers about his power to pardon aides, family members and even himself. Trump further stoked speculation that he was considering his power to pardon himself amid the ongoing probes over his campaigns connections with Russia when he tweeted all agree the U.S. President has the complete power to pardon.† Whether a president has the power to pardon himself, though, is unclear and the subject of much debate among constitutional scholars. The first thing you should know is this: No president in the history of the United States has ever pardoned himself. The Power to Pardon in the Constitution Presidents are granted the authority to issue pardons in Article II, Section 2, Clause 1 of the U.S. Constitution.   The clause reads: The President ... shall have Power to grant Reprieves and Pardons for Offences against the United States, except in Cases of Impeachment. Take note of two key phrases in that clause. The first keyphrase limits the use of pardons for offenses against the United States. The second key phrase states that a president cant issue a pardon in cases of impeachment. Those two caveats in the Constitution place some limitations on the presidents power to pardon. The bottom line is that if a president commits a high crime or misdemeanor and is impeached, he cant pardon himself. He also cannot pardon himself in private civil and state criminal cases. His authority extends only to federal charges. Take note of the word grant. Typically, the word means one person gives something to another. Under that meaning, a president can give someone else a pardon, but not himself. Yes, the President Can Pardon Himself Some scholars argue that the president can pardon himself in some circumstances because - and this is a key point - the Constitution does not explicitly prohibit it. That is considered by some to be the strongest argument that a president has the authority to pardon himself. In 1974, as President Richard M. Nixon was facing certain impeachment, he explored the idea of issuing a pardon to himself and then resigning. Nixons lawyers prepared a memo stating such a move would be legal. The president decided against a pardon, which would have been politically disastrous, but resigned anyway. He was later pardoned by President Gerald Ford. Although I respected the tenet that no man should be above the law, public policy demanded that I put Nixon-and Watergate-behind us as quickly as possible, Ford said. In addition, the U.S Supreme Court has ruled that a president can issue pardon even before charges have been filed. The high court stated that pardon power â€Å"extends to every offense known to the law, and may be exercised at any time after its commission, either before legal proceedings are taken or during their pendency, or after conviction and judgment.† No, the President Cant Pardon Himself Most scholars argue, however, that presidents cannot pardon themselves. More to the point, even if they were, such a move would be incredibly risky and likely to ignite a constitutional crisis in the United States. Jonathan Turley,  a professor of public interest law at George Washington University, wrote in The Washington Post: Such an act would make the White House look like the Bada Bing Club. After a self-pardon, Trump could wipe out the Islamic State, trigger an economic golden age and solve global warming with a carbon-eating border wall - and no one would notice. He would simply go down in history as the man who not only pardoned his family members but himself.​ Michigan State University law professor Brian C. Kalt, writing in his 1997 paper Pardon Me: The Constitutional Case Against Presidential Self-Pardons, stated that a presidential self-pardon would not hold up in court. An attempted self-pardon would likely undermine the publics confidence in the presidency and the Constitution. A potential meltdown of such magnitude would be no time to begin legalistic discussion; the political facts of the moment would distort our considered legal judgment. Looking at the question from a cooler vantage point, the intent of the Framers, the words and themes of the Constitution they created, and the wisdom of the judges that have interpreted it all point to the same conclusion: Presidents cannot pardon themselves. The courts would likely follow the principle  stated by James Madison in the Federalist Papers. No man, Madison wrote, is allowed to be a judge in his own cause, because his interest would certainly bias his judgment, and, not improbably, corrupt his integrity.

Wars and Religion Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Wars and Religion - Research Paper Example We have also used religion to explain certain things in the past that we as a people could not explain, understand or accept, such as the ancient Greeks using their gods to explain how the sun rises and sets, or how Zeus used lightning. Not everyone believes in the same deity, in fact not all religions and beliefs have only one deity. Some have many gods, like Hinduism or Ancient Greek and Roman beliefs. Other beliefs do not have deities but instead, are about worshiping ancestors or objects. And for some reason, weather it is because of a lack of understanding, conflict of belief, and other factors, wars have been fought over religion. Religious wars have been part of man’s history almost as long as religion its self, and our history books are filled with conflicts, persecutions, wars that have been waged in the name of religion. This paper’s purpose is to take a look at some of these religious struggles and discuss happened in the events and provide some feedback abou t them. This paper will focus on certain wars and struggles throughout history that have had significant effects on our civilization as a whole. There will be some key points about these conflicts that will be stressed in this paper namely; how the conflict began, who were included in the conflict, some main points about the conflict such as political effects and justifications, and finally, how it ended. This paper will focus mainly on known and historical wars and conflicts and break them down with the key points mentioned above. It will attempt to make brief, concise and objective comments and analysis of these wars. The wars and conflicts that will be discussed and analyzed in this paper are as follows: †¢ The persecution of Christians in the Ancient Roman empire †¢ The crusades †¢ The Islam – Hindu conflict in India †¢ The Jewish state of Israel and its conflicts †¢ The attacks of September 11 on the United states †¢ Conclusion The persecuti on of Christians in the Ancient Roman Empire. For those who are not very familiar with history, it may be hard to understand that there was a persecution of Christians in Rome, since we now know of the religion known as â€Å"Roman Catholic† but despite the confusion, there was a mass persecution of Christians in ancient Rome. Before Rome became a Christian symbol, it first was a place of pagan religion. An article by mariamilani.com provides us with a bit if insight as to what happened during this time. The growth of the Christian church during this time meant that the Christians were also Roman citizens and because of the speed at which they multiplied, they were, as the article says â€Å"more than a religion amongst many but rather like a state within a state†. Now at first, the people of Ancient Rome were liberal and fine about the idea of worshiping different deities depending on their needs, and Rome its self was alright with its citizens worshiping whichever de ity they please as long as they do not go against the state. As for the treatment of Christians, it was not at all that bad at first. Some places were very neutral of Christians while other places even celebrated it. The problem came when the emperors of Rome began to follow a more oriental style of rule being that they were to be considered living gods that ruled over Ancient Rome and in order to pay respect to the state, a citizen would have to worship the Roman emperor. This now, was very much against the Christian belief since they have a monotheistic belief. Added to this is that fact that, according to the article, â€Å"they were following a law which had a point of reference which was not

Investigating the effects of mutation on active site amino acids of Lab Report

Investigating the effects of mutation on active site amino acids of beta-lactamase - Lab Report Example Using these two techniques it is possible to synthesize a protein that will bind any desired target. As recent studies suggest, it is possible to add random peptide sequences into loops of ?-lactamase subsequently establishing the catalytic properties of the produced ?-lactamase derivatives. The same authors highlighted the fact that there is no correlation between tolerance to insertion and tolerance to mutagenesis. A turn between two ?-strands next to the active site was found to be inactive in random mutagenesis but demonstrated the opposite in insertions. The present work consists of three elements. Initially it is creating a construct (cloning a mutated gene into an expression vector) ?-lactamase a. using traditional cloning methods (overlapping PCR for mutagenesis, digestion, ligation). Then move on to Protein- Prep- expressing and isolating mutated ?-lactamase a, transformation of construct into competent cells b and protein purification by GFC and IEC before, finally, move on to investigating the effects of mutation on the functionality of ?-lactamase a. Activity assay of mutants compared to those of the WT enzyme A Procedure Week 1: PCR- Primer Design/PCR Mutagenesis Two sterile 0.2 ml PCR tubes were loaded with 5 Â µL PFU buffer, 3 Â µL dNSO, 2.5 Â µL template, 0.5 Â µL PFU, 26.5 Â µL H2O each. Also, one tube was loaded with 5 Â µL Reverse Primer and 5 Â µL Forward Primer Mutant while the other was loaded with 5 Â µL Forward Primer and 5 Â µL Reverse Primer Mutant. 23 cycles of PCR were used to generate the required amount of the DNA sequence of interest. Denaturation, annealing, and elongation represent one cycle of PCR. The first minute of DNA generation was conducted at 950C the second at 500C. The temperature for the following three minutes was raised to 720C with subsequent 10 minutes of elongation at 720C before finally cooling down to 40C affording the crude product. Week 2: PCR Fragment Purification and Restriction Digest A. The crude product produced on the previous stage was loaded into the wells of 0.4 % agarose gel, the first run was conducted. All bends were cut and 330 Â µL QG buffer was added. The mixture was heat till the gel dissolved completely after that transferred to the column and span for 2 minutes. 500 Â µL QG buffer was added and spinning was continued for extra three minutes. 30 Â µL EB buffer was added to dissolve DNA and spinning was continued for 2 minutes. In this way DNA was pulled through. B. To generate the required amount of DNA PCR was conducted. Each of the two sterile 0.2 ml PCR tubes were loaded with 5 Â µL PFU buffer, 5 Â µL Forward Primers, 5 Â µL Reverse Primers, 2.5 Â µLdNTP, 0.5 Â µL pfu, Â µL H2O. Also, one tube was additionally loaded with 5 Â µL AB DNA (Forward mutant) while the other 5 Â µL CD DNA (reverse mutant). On the next day the first tube was loaded with DNA 30 Â µL, Eco R1 buffer 4 Â µL, Eco R1 - 1 Â µL, Hind III- 1 Â µL, H2O- 4 Â µL and the second w ith 4 Â µL vector, Eco R1 buffer 4 Â µL, Eco R1- 1 Â µL, Hind III- 1 Â µL, H2O- 4 Â µL. Both tubes were left at 370C overnight. Week 3: Restriction Fragment Purification/Ligation/Agar Plate Preparation The gel run was initiated following purification of the previously generated DNA samples. DNA concentration was measured and was found to be 5 Â µL into 500 Â µL. The following ligation was conducted. The ratio PCR/Vector was 3/1 Week 4: DNA Transformation/

Cultural Chameleon :: Essays Papers

Cultural Chameleon For me, being late to school meant chasing down taxis at 7:15 am and hurriedly telling the driver, in broken Cantonese, to please hurry. A day of shopping meant searching the Hong Kong market streets for a pair of shoes larger than a size 7 and bargaining for thirty minutes with the shopkeeper to bring the price down to fewer than ten dollars. Lunch with a friend was being the only white girl in a small noodle house tainted by the smell of the ducks and chickens hanging in the window, my voice drowned out by music blaring through Cantonese speakers. Sometime in the five years I had lived in Hong Kong, between speaking a little Cantonese and knowing the downtown streets like the back of my hand, I was promoted from my status as a typical American blonde to a true Hong Kong kid. When I moved away the summer after my sophomore year in high school, I was leaving home and going somewhere completely foreign. Texas. I will always remember the first day of public school. My mom dropped me off at the front of the school, as kids sped by us in their huge SUV’s to viciously snag a parking space. Inside, I was met with a swarm of Abercrombie-clad blondes and brunettes in every hall and at every corner. My thoughts were drowned out by singing of the latest songs on the radio, gossip, and laughter. Seeing as these were people who spoke the same native language as me, who looked the same and sounded the same, you would think that I would finally feel at home and relieved. But I had never felt so foreign in my life. This American culture that my parents called their own, did not at all feel like something that was mine. I was confused by the fact that I felt more at home and at ease in a culture where I stuck out as blatantly different, than in one where I blended in completely. It was this challenge and these feelings that established me as what is commonly referred to as one of the world’s â€Å"Third Culture Kids.† In their book so titled, David C. Pollock and Ruth E. Van Reken describe in detail the concept of what it means to grow up in a culture other than that of your own native culture, and the challenges and emotions that are often met.

Consumer Behaviour Essay

What kind of decision process can you expect in the following cases and why ? (a) Purchase of a greeting card for a close friend. (b) Purchase of an after shave lotion/moisturizer. Ans. Before giving answer to both questions first of all we must know what product involvement and purchase involvement). because meaning of both term determine direction of decision . Purchase involvement – As the level of concern for, or interest in, the purchase process triggered by the need to consider a particular purchase. Thus, purchase nvolvement is temporary state of individual or household. It influenced by loat many factors Product involvement – involvement of consumer towards particular brand .In process of purchasing a greeting card for close friend involve â€Å"limited decision making purchase process†. Limited decision making process involve few alternative and simple decision rules and a little post purchase evalution Why- limited decision making process occurs in some emotional and situational needs. Purchasing a greeting card for friend also influenced by our emotion and ituation . Situational factor affect in this manner like for what type of occasion we are presenting greeting card to our friend. it may be occasion of birthday, achievement and some other occasion Emotion – our friend ship is product of our emotional bonding with some one and emotional attachment always form limited decision making . purchasing of product you always anticipate what would be impression of my card. In limited decision making Use and post purchase of given vary less importance because product ( greeting card )would be use by some another erson who still have not form his expectation abut particular brand. b) Purchase of an after shave lotion/moisturizer- Nominal decision making Purchase shave lotion involve nominal decision making because nominal decision making referred also as a habitual decision making which occur at number of time such as purchasing of lotion also happen number of time in nominal decision process problem is recognized ,internal search provide one solut ion what type of LOTION you are using previously ,what is your preferred brand and evaluation occurs only when f previous LOTION brand fails to perform . Nominal decision making occur when low purchase and involvement . in case of purchasing of LOTION there is very less purchase involvement because person are more conscious about brand of LOTION. 2. How would knowledge of perception & learning help you in designing your marketing program for the following products and services? Justify your answer with reasons. a. Disposable Diapers Designing market programme for Disposable diapers we need to develop and evaluate for Ps of marketing to position product in mind of