Effects of Urbanization in Jamaica

Urbanization alludes to the move of populace from rustic territories to urban communities or towns as indicated by the Encarta Encyclopedia. In Jamaica today, urbanization is a consistent procedure for people to move starting with one territory then onto the next decisively contrasted with the past ages. Urbanization has seen a noteworthy increment throughout the years in view of people seeking after a superior way of life. Individuals move in light of the monetary circumstance of the nation which brings about the need to secure better positions, the natural impacts and to wrap things up wrongdoing and savagery. I believe that urbanization is essential for the improvement of one’s life. As indicated by G. Nicolas, the budgetary emergency of the nation plays a fundamental standard in urbanization, with greater levels of popularity for merchandise and ventures makers, wholesalers and retailers will in general increment the expense of products and enterprises attempting to make a benefit for their business. People who are working at times will in general make some hard memories of finding the cash to obtain these high valuing products and enterprises to fulfill their requirements. Regardless of the high valuing of merchandise and enterprises; with an expansion in the populace, finding a new line of work turns out to be a lot harder particularly on the off chance that an individual has no capabilities and goes after a position, at that point an increasingly qualified individual goes after a similar position, the certified people is more than prone to get recruited over the inadequate people. Much of the time quick populace development in urban regions offers ascend to neediness so that when overpopulation happens, employments may be restricted around there and expanding social issues related with joblessness and underemployment. As indicated by the Encarta Encyclopedia, urbanization likewise adds to natural issues in different manners as it identifies with overpopulation. It might prompt contamination, for example, clamor contamination so that when potential wellbeing impacts of commotion contamination are various, unavoidable, diligent, and restoratively and socially critical. Clamor creates immediate and combined unfavorable impacts that impede wellbeing and that debase private, social, working, and learning conditions with comparing genuine and elusive misfortunes. Air and water contamination are other natural impacts of urbanization and the most significant purposes behind populace blast in the urban communities of creating nations like Jamaica is quick urbanization. Urbanization in Jamaica is joined by various difficulties emerging from populace focus in metropolitan urban communities; natural debasement is happening quickly and causing deficiency of essential needs. The declining water quality, air contamination and issues of removal strong squanders and unsafe materials that is destructive to them. Medical problems can emerge from urbanization and cause a wide-spread pestilence of ailments. These ailments can be transmitted in packed zones where airborne, respiratory and hand to hand transmission of ailments can happen. The source, G. Nicolas, expressed that deforestation is an impact of urbanization where it is a supporter of worldwide environmental change and is regularly refered to as one of the significant reasons for the improved nursery impact. Urbanization permits leeway of normally happening timberlands by the procedures of logging or potentially consuming of trees in a forested territory to make space accessible to assemble new houses or high rise. Deforestation additionally prompts soil disintegration; it diminishes porous surfaces in the dirt quicker framing of surface spillover, progressively visit appearance of flood waves. Urbanization impacts on advancement of disintegration forms, land debasement with noteworthy decrease of soil water limit. In Jamaica, wrongdoing and viciousness likewise adds to urbanization in a rising territory of worry in the expansion levels of wrongdoing and brutality in urban regions. Significant sexual orientation separation exists as far as vicious reaction to joblessness. While men go to wrongdoing and savagery, ladies all the more as often as possible go to reliance on men. It isn't too difficult to even consider believing that Kingston’s notoriety as a position of brutality positions third on the planet. Group viciousness and shootings happen consistently in downtown territories of Kingston. Some downtown neighborhoods are sometimes exposed to curfews and police look. Off the cuff road dissents at times happen, during which demonstrators regularly develop barricades or in any case hinder the boulevards. Jobless people may go to wrongdoing since they neglected to gain or keep a solid employment and choose to go to the demonstration of taking from the dedicated and decent residents in their locale to acquire a living for themselves. The incessant flare-up of brutality between people or opponent posses in a network may make people feel unbound and scared of what may befall them. This may make families in the network relocate to a brutality free territory where they may feel more secure. In spite of the fact that urbanization has many negative and constructive outcomes, I believe that it is in the nations wellbeing to attempt to improve the negative impacts that are related with urbanization to improve the day to day environment of urbanized territories.

Body language Essay

Motions a case of a signal would be an approval to allude to all around done. I attempted to utilize hand signal to assist the ladies with understanding what I was saying. Body language †non-verbal communication is a wide term for types of correspondence utilizing body developments or motions rather than, or notwithstanding, sounds, verbal language, or different types of correspondence. It frames some portion of the classification of paralanguage, which portrays all types of human correspondence that are not verbal language. This incorporates the most unobtrusive of developments that numerous individuals don't know about, including winking and slight development of the eyebrows. I attempted to adjust to Egan hypothesis of SOLER by inclining forward to show that I was intrigued. Tuning in on the off chance that we are not talking we are tuning in to what others are stating and attempting to comprehend there sees our non-verbal communication can advise in the event that we are tuning in to a people at whatever point anyone was talking I would lean forward to shows that I am intrigued. Since it was a gathering associations I needed to allow others to talk and t hear their point of view acrossâ * Expression-outward appearance can send exceptionally complex message that can be perused without any problem. I attempted to utilize a decent outward appearance to cause her to feel good and invited. Eye to eye connection †Eye contact is the occasion when two individuals take a gander at each other’s eyes simultaneously. I kept great eye to eye connection with her to show that I was really tuning in and with different individuals from the group One 2 one †multi year old boy Verbal- Tone/Pitch †its what we state, however the manner in which we state it. If we somehow managed to talk extremely quick in a noisy voice with a fixed voice tone,â people may believe that we are irate and yelling. I didn't yell at the multi year old kid and I work out a tone and contribute which he could hear unmistakably. Slang’s and languages I didn't utilize slang in my tongue. This is on the grounds that slang is for the most part connected with youngsters and furthermore he may not comprehend what I was saying Pace †the pace is the speed wherein I talk. I can talk quick and I can talk moderate. Since he is a child I needed to talk moderate with the goal that she can understand Non verbal Gestures-a case of a motion would be an approval to allude to very much done. I attempted to utilize hand motion to assist the kid with understanding what I was stating and furthermore utilized hand motion when I needed to take the kid to the latrine I needed to hold his hands. Non-verbal communication - . This incorporates the most inconspicuous of developments that numerous individuals don't know about, including winking and slight development of the eyebrows. I attempted to adjust to Egan hypothesis of SOLER by inclining forward to show that I was intrigued. I didn't remain over him Listening-on the off chance that we are not talking we are tuning in to what others are stating and attempting to comprehend there sees our non-verbal communication can advise on the off chance that we are tuning in to a people at whatever point anyone was talking I would lean forward to shows that I am intrigued. Since it was a gathering communications I needed to allow others to talk and t hear their point of view over. Appearance outward appearance can send extremely complex message that can be perused without any problem. I attempted to utilize a decent outward appearance to cause him to feel good and invited by grinning a lot. Eye contact †Eye contact is the occasion when two individuals take a gander at each other’s eyes simultaneously. I kept great eye to eye connection with him to show that I was really tuning in to him. The care esteem base is significant. The consideration esteem base is utilized broadly in the field of wellbeing , social consideration and early years. The consideration esteem base is utilized to portray a lot of rules that were believed to be pertinent to the wellbeing and social consideration experts. The consideration esteem base can be utilized as an ethnical manual for dynamic and practice in wellbeing, social consideration and early years setting. The consideration esteem base is utilized to be sure that care works or specialists are not segregating, be ing horrible, or giving poor consideration to their patients or administration clients The consideration esteem base spreads five primary areas:â 1. Advancing enemy of unfair practiceâ 2. Looking after confidentialityâ 3. Advancing and supporting individuals’ rights and respectâ 4. Recognizing individuals’ individual convictions and identitiesâ 5. Advancing powerful communication The care esteem base can frame some portion of an implicit rules, or an expert code of morals for anybody working in a mindful calling. The vehicle esteem base has gotten progressively significant because of the reality the nation has become increasingly multicultural and ethnically assorted. Additionally there more individuals with handicap. Laws have been passed which forbid separation on the grounds of race, religion, sex, sexual direction, age, handicap and so on is in this manner imperative that individuals don't feel victimized when they are utilizing care administrations.

Ticketbis

Ticketbis INTRODUCTIONMartin: Hi. Today we are in  Madrid  at Ticketbis, with Jon and Ander. Who are you and what do you do?Jon: Hi. My name is Jon,  Jon Uriarte, I am one of the CEOs of Ticketbis, I was born in  Bilbao. I studied there and when I got my degree, I went to work in  London. I worked most of the years in a ML,  Merrill  Lynch  and I moved to Morgan Stanley, I worked in private wealth management department. After that, I was a bit tired of  London  lifestyle and banking style and I quit it and went back to  Spain  to start my own business, Ticketbis.Martin: Cool.Ander: My name is Ander  Michelena. It was quite similar, Im the other CEO of Ticketbis. Similar to Jon, I studied in Span then I moved to  London  to work in merger, at Morgan Stanley, merger and  acquisition of investment bank. Three years there, I got very tired of it, then I met Jon at an airport, actually, it was interesting. And we decided that it was time for us leave. We saw different opportunities and at the end, we quit our jobs and here we are now.Martin: Great! How did you come up with this business idea of Ticketbis?Ander: I mean, what we did we looked at several opportunities. We knew we wanted to leave the bank and we had enough of investment bank. So we looked at several business that were very successful in the  US, but there was no similar competition in Europe or  Latin America. And so, we looked there for different business model and at the end we looked at 6 -7 different business models, and we realized that this was the one that have greater opportunity and that we like to pursue, we like the most.So once we knew that, we quit our jobs and without presentation, we went back to  Bilbao, our hometown.Jon: Our hometown.Ander: To his parents house, actually.  And we make our office in his parents house and started the business.Martin: What has been the major criteria for selecting this business idea over others?Jon: First of all, because the werent many competitors, There were som e and they were quite big, but they focused on developed countries such as the US and  UK. Second one, its because that margins were very high, our commission were 25%. And third one is because financially speaking, is was a very good business. Because first, you get the money from the buyer, and then you pay the ticket seller. So you keep this money in your bank account. So this financially is really good. And then maybe the last one, it’s more like our feelings, its that this sector is very appealing because you are in contact with music, with sports, football games and we like it a lot.BUSINESS MODEL OF TICKETBISMartin: Explain your business model. How does it work?Ander: Well basically Ticketbis is a fan to fan exchange. So basically, we allow fans to sell or buy tickets. And we provide this technology, a platform, where the fans can get, if they have a ticket, an extra ticket for a game and theyre not going to go or they want to sell it for whatever reason, they can sell it s imply in 2 or 3 steps. And if theyre not able to buy the tickets regionally because the event is sold out or maybe there is a ticket below face value in the platform, or whatever reason, they can buy and go to Ticketbis, look at the offer, buy the tickets they wanted and go to the event. So we give this chance to the fans.Martin: This is kind of secondary market place for tickets between individuals. Matching the demand and supply, what is the typical ratio, you would say, from people who are just registered and interested in getting a ticket and people providing the tickets?Ander: To be honest, this is a ratio that is mostly 50%, 60% people who put the ticket with details and everything, finally find a buyer for those tickets. But at the end, it really depends on the characteristic of the ticket, the event, the demand of the event, and the price. The price is the most important thing.I mean, if you sell your ticket, you put a ridiculous  price, you are not going to sell your ticket , right. Its a matter of how much do you want back for your ticket. You put a price that is below face value, there is a big chance that theres a fan who is going to buy the ticket. Buying it from you instead of buying it from the primary market, right.Martin: And is it the people who are selling the tickets are putting a fixed price or is it auction based?Jon: No, its not auction based. This is fixed price, but they can change the price.  They start with a price and depending on the supply, they put lower.Martin: They can change?Jon: They can change. Because theres like a competition among sellers. So if you have another seller who is putting a price lower than you, you need to lower it because you want to sell your ticket. So you can change your price.Martin: Okay. I assume you are commission based?Ander: Correct.Martin: What is your average commission on a ticket sale?Ander: Well, we charge 10% to the seller, 15% to the buyer. So we charge 25% total of the transaction. And its a standard commission in the market, I mean we copy the amount that is in the  US thats  been working very successfully for quite a long time. We just copy that model, the commission based model. And its the same, all of our competitors use the same commission model.Martin: So basically, you collect the money 100%, you get 25%, you need to pay also the payment cost, PayPal, I dont know, credit card.Ander: That 25% covers everything. From sending the ticket from a seller to the buyer, to our guarantee, to keeping the ticket to transfer in the morning to the seller, dealing if theres any problem, no money no problem, but if theres  something, were dealing with it. So it covers absolutely all the service.Martin: And the tickets are they all on a paper base, or also voucher tickets?Jon: It depends on the country. For example, in Southern Europe and Latin America, they use more paper tickets, but in a more developed countries like  Germany  or  France, you can see paper tickets but the tr end is that they are going to e-ticket.Martin: How do you acquire these fans to use your platform?Ander: Thats a very good question. Well, at the end, when you enter any market, you need a seller, right. So what we do is, we went to market and we announced the platform is there, so there is people who can actually sell their tickets. Sometimes even at the beginning, we are the ones who provide the first tickets for our market. So we are providing the first tickets when we go to our markets so theres some inventory in the market place, at the beginning. But then it kicked off very fast. Once the fans started knowing that there is a place where they can sell their tickets and buy those tickets, they started putting tickets for sale, fans can buy their tickets and it comes quite nice and quite quickly.But then its a service that is needed, right. Before Ticketbis arrive to a lot of the market where theres no, we dont have any competition like in all Latin America and most part of  Asia . There wasnt a platform where you can do this. So the only solution to get a ticket from a secondary market was to actually go to the street, stand in front of a stadium and sell your tickets. You dont really know whats going to happen. Or the other option was to go to a forum, and Skype together with  the guy who sell you on, when he said I sell you the ticket for  â‚¬100, and you meet him somewhere in the town, and hes going to give you a paper ticket and you dont know if its valid or not and you are going to give him some money, and lets see what happen with the deal at the event, right.So what we thought is, what we have seen is, the service is very well acquired in the market, fans really like it, because it gives another chance to get their tickets and to sell their tickets. So the time for the market to kick off in market where theres no competition is quite  a lot, actually.Jon: Answering your question, how do we get the buyer?Ander: I thought you were saying the seller, I dont know.Jon: No, the buyer. You started with seller. We focus our marketing strategy mainly in online marketing. So we have, SEM, affiliates and also we do some, we have a communication team and with some PR. And now we are doing some test in offline marketing like advertisement in radios and newspapers and on TV.Martin: But I think its a totally great move for entering a new market just for creating some kind of shelf inventory that yourself are becoming the trader. Thats quite related to your former work.Ander: But you need to do it at the beginning for the market to start. Then you get out but its, the fans thats selling the tickets or buying the tickets.Jon: Because if you are the buyer and there is no inventory or no ticket, they are not going to come again to your site.Martin: But when you create the first inventory, if youre entering a new country, are you focusing on a specific niche, I dont know, a specific artists, or specific sports type, or something like that. Becau se I mean, its quite a capital intensive to provide all.Jon: No, we dont. We start with the most demanded events, like the main singers or bands and the main football team for example. And then, the market start working where sellers start to come to our market and we don’t invest anymore.Martin: Okay.CORPORATE STRATEGY OF TICKETBISMartin: Corporate strategy. What do you think, what makes you special and create a competitive advantage if you are entering a market? So why should people continue buying with your platform or selling the tickets except of other platforms?Ander: Well, what we do different than other platform is that, we have a global company with a local focus. In order to market, we have an office, we have local people. Here actually in  Madrid,  we have 29 different nationalities. So for us, opening in a market, is not only open the website. We have local guys in most of the countries, we have local entity as well. So we have, we are mixed between more global busines s but with a local component that I think is important. Thats one of our key difference.Jon: Yes, and we are very strong in marketing. Our marketing budget is not very high. But we, our team does a very good job, so we can probably say that we are very good at that. We can compete against anyone. And then on the seller side, we think our relationship with our sellers is very close, very good. So they tend to stay with us.Martin: Okay. Understood.  Are you making money on the first client, or is it more that you want have a repeat customer basis, where you need at least, on average 2 or 3 purchases or sales  in order to break even?Ander: We always go for, with our marketing strategy, we go for a positive ROI. We dont do any LTV of clients or anything, theres nothing like that. So normally what we do is, our marketing budget is very low, as Jon was saying. What weve done is with a very low budget. But because of that, because we have a very strict and straight way to spend it and it h as to be a positive ROI from day one. So that’s what weve been doing it, having been able to grow the business in a lot of countries with a little financing.Martin: Thats great.Jon: We havent reached the break even point yet, because we have been very aggressive. If we are only in  Spain  or in a few countries, we would reach positive number for sure. But because we have opened in many countries in the last few years, we are around in 20 countries right now. And when you open in a country, its an investment. You need like between 8 24 months in order  toAnder: To make it profitable.Martin: Totally.MARKET DEVELOPMENTMartin: How do you perceive the market development for the primary ticket market and the secondary ticket market in the Spanish speaking countries?Ander: I mean, the model we look at was in the most developed market, in the  US. In  the  US  you can see the primary market that was the only thing that exist in 2001. When the first website was created it was called Step Up, which was actually by eBay a while ago. And what they were able to do is put the demand on the customers, that tickets are sold out, theres another way to get those tickets. That has made the  US  market, the secondary  US  market to go from 0 and in 10 years to 4.5 billion last year.You compare it to the primary market, the primary market is around 2 billion. So its  4 to 22 but the difference is in the primary market the commission is 6 7 %, secondary is 25%, right. If you look at the revenue based, they are not that far away.In Europe, Latin America or  Asia, the secondary market is still very-very little. I mean, except in the  UK  where its more developed and  Germany  is getting there as well, the rest of the countries, the secondary market is very unknown by the population. The population dont know that they have a safe place where they can buy tickets or anything. Its not known.That makes the people when the event is sold out, or even when they need to find a ticket, they dont go first to the secondary market to see if theres a price which is below face value or anything. Theyll go directly to primary market and dont look that much outside of it. But this trend is changing of course. The secondary market is developing very quickly in Europe, Latin America and soon  Asia, hopefully, because we are starting there.We have seen the trend that this is growing much-much faster than the primary market. Primary market is stable, the secondary market is growing very fast. Just to give you  a sense, I mean, in the time weve been operating the company, first we did  â‚¬1 million in gross ticket sales, second year we did 5, third year we did 12, fourth year 28, and this year were going to be over 60. So its growing very fast.Jon: Hopefully.Ander: Hopefully if everything goes as planned.Jon: 55-60.Ander: As you see, the development is always doubling very year and we dont see an end to the trend in a short term, to be honest.Martin: If you look at this seco ndary market, what is the major driver? Why  is it not as develop as the primary? Is it because the people dont trust it yet or because they dont know about it, or is there another reason for it?Jon: Its a mix but. First of all they don’t know about it. If you go here in  Spain  on the street and you ask, Do you know a place to buy tickets for a sold out event? Most people have no idea about it. They say, Okay you have to go to this street. Thats wrong. Thats the first point.Then the second one is trust. Before Ticketbis arrived, people use to use second had website or classified website. So there, you contact a person, you call him or her, you have to meet this person on the street, maybe the tickets they give you are fake. So people, this type is not trustworthy.Ander: Correct.Jon: So they say, for us the key factor is trust.Martin: Okay. From  my point of view, its just lowering the transaction cost because as you said, the former times the people go to a forum, spent time, ca ll people, spend money for the telecommunication, meet this guy, that all compared are high opportunity costs. And if you now make it possible with trust system, maybe some rating of the sellers, etc. to lower this kind of transactions cost, maybe thats why the  people are buying.Jon: Yes, definitely.ADVICE TO ENTREPRENEURS In Madrid we interviewed the founders of the secondary ticket market platform Ticketbis, Jon Uriarte and Ander Michelena.On ticketbis individuals can buy and sell tickets. Both founders shared their emotional story of how they got started, what the business model is, some insights on the ticketing market, and what it takes to become a great entrepreneur.The transcript of the interview is below.INTRODUCTIONMartin: Hi. Today we are in  Madrid  at Ticketbis, with Jon and Ander. Who are you and what do you do?Jon: Hi. My name is Jon,  Jon Uriarte, I am one of the CEOs of Ticketbis, I was born in  Bilbao. I studied there and when I got my degree, I went to work in  London. I worked most of the years in a ML,  Merrill  Lynch  and I moved to Morgan Stanley, I worked in private wealth management department. After that, I was a bit tired of  London  lifestyle and banking style and I quit it and went back to  Spain  to start my own business, Ticketbis.Martin: Cool.Ander: My name is Ander  Mich elena. It was quite similar, Im the other CEO of Ticketbis. Similar to Jon, I studied in Span then I moved to  London  to work in merger, at Morgan Stanley, merger and  acquisition of investment bank. Three years there, I got very tired of it, then I met Jon at an airport, actually, it was interesting. And we decided that it was time for us leave. We saw different opportunities and at the end, we quit our jobs and here we are now.Martin: Great! How did you come up with this business idea of Ticketbis?Ander: I mean, what we did we looked at several opportunities. We knew we wanted to leave the bank and we had enough of investment bank. So we looked at several business that were very successful in the  US, but there was no similar competition in Europe or  Latin America. And so, we looked there for different business model and at the end we looked at 6 -7 different business models, and we realized that this was the one that have greater opportunity and that we like to pursue, we lik e the most.So once we knew that, we quit our jobs and without presentation, we went back to  Bilbao, our hometown.Jon: Our hometown.Ander: To his parents house, actually.  And we make our office in his parents house and started the business.Martin: What has been the major criteria for selecting this business idea over others?Jon: First of all, because the werent many competitors, There were some and they were quite big, but they focused on developed countries such as the US and  UK. Second one, its because that margins were very high, our commission were 25%. And third one is because financially speaking, is was a very good business. Because first, you get the money from the buyer, and then you pay the ticket seller. So you keep this money in your bank account. So this financially is really good. And then maybe the last one, it’s more like our feelings, its that this sector is very appealing because you are in contact with music, with sports, football games and we like it a lot.BU SINESS MODEL OF TICKETBISMartin: Explain your business model. How does it work?Ander: Well basically Ticketbis is a fan to fan exchange. So basically, we allow fans to sell or buy tickets. And we provide this technology, a platform, where the fans can get, if they have a ticket, an extra ticket for a game and theyre not going to go or they want to sell it for whatever reason, they can sell it simply in 2 or 3 steps. And if theyre not able to buy the tickets regionally because the event is sold out or maybe there is a ticket below face value in the platform, or whatever reason, they can buy and go to Ticketbis, look at the offer, buy the tickets they wanted and go to the event. So we give this chance to the fans.Martin: This is kind of secondary market place for tickets between individuals. Matching the demand and supply, what is the typical ratio, you would say, from people who are just registered and interested in getting a ticket and people providing the tickets?Ander: To be hones t, this is a ratio that is mostly 50%, 60% people who put the ticket with details and everything, finally find a buyer for those tickets. But at the end, it really depends on the characteristic of the ticket, the event, the demand of the event, and the price. The price is the most important thing.I mean, if you sell your ticket, you put a ridiculous  price, you are not going to sell your ticket, right. Its a matter of how much do you want back for your ticket. You put a price that is below face value, there is a big chance that theres a fan who is going to buy the ticket. Buying it from you instead of buying it from the primary market, right.Martin: And is it the people who are selling the tickets are putting a fixed price or is it auction based?Jon: No, its not auction based. This is fixed price, but they can change the price.  They start with a price and depending on the supply, they put lower.Martin: They can change?Jon: They can change. Because theres like a competition among se llers. So if you have another seller who is putting a price lower than you, you need to lower it because you want to sell your ticket. So you can change your price.Martin: Okay. I assume you are commission based?Ander: Correct.Martin: What is your average commission on a ticket sale?Ander: Well, we charge 10% to the seller, 15% to the buyer. So we charge 25% total of the transaction. And its a standard commission in the market, I mean we copy the amount that is in the  US thats  been working very successfully for quite a long time. We just copy that model, the commission based model. And its the same, all of our competitors use the same commission model.Martin: So basically, you collect the money 100%, you get 25%, you need to pay also the payment cost, PayPal, I dont know, credit card.Ander: That 25% covers everything. From sending the ticket from a seller to the buyer, to our guarantee, to keeping the ticket to transfer in the morning to the seller, dealing if theres any problem, no money no problem, but if theres  something, were dealing with it. So it covers absolutely all the service.Martin: And the tickets are they all on a paper base, or also voucher tickets?Jon: It depends on the country. For example, in Southern Europe and Latin America, they use more paper tickets, but in a more developed countries like  Germany  or  France, you can see paper tickets but the trend is that they are going to e-ticket.Martin: How do you acquire these fans to use your platform?Ander: Thats a very good question. Well, at the end, when you enter any market, you need a seller, right. So what we do is, we went to market and we announced the platform is there, so there is people who can actually sell their tickets. Sometimes even at the beginning, we are the ones who provide the first tickets for our market. So we are providing the first tickets when we go to our markets so theres some inventory in the market place, at the beginning. But then it kicked off very fast. Once th e fans started knowing that there is a place where they can sell their tickets and buy those tickets, they started putting tickets for sale, fans can buy their tickets and it comes quite nice and quite quickly.But then its a service that is needed, right. Before Ticketbis arrive to a lot of the market where theres no, we dont have any competition like in all Latin America and most part of  Asia. There wasnt a platform where you can do this. So the only solution to get a ticket from a secondary market was to actually go to the street, stand in front of a stadium and sell your tickets. You dont really know whats going to happen. Or the other option was to go to a forum, and Skype together with  the guy who sell you on, when he said I sell you the ticket for  â‚¬100, and you meet him somewhere in the town, and hes going to give you a paper ticket and you dont know if its valid or not and you are going to give him some money, and lets see what happen with the deal at the event, right.S o what we thought is, what we have seen is, the service is very well acquired in the market, fans really like it, because it gives another chance to get their tickets and to sell their tickets. So the time for the market to kick off in market where theres no competition is quite  a lot, actually.Jon: Answering your question, how do we get the buyer?Ander: I thought you were saying the seller, I dont know.Jon: No, the buyer. You started with seller. We focus our marketing strategy mainly in online marketing. So we have, SEM, affiliates and also we do some, we have a communication team and with some PR. And now we are doing some test in offline marketing like advertisement in radios and newspapers and on TV.Martin: But I think its a totally great move for entering a new market just for creating some kind of shelf inventory that yourself are becoming the trader. Thats quite related to your former work.Ander: But you need to do it at the beginning for the market to start. Then you get out but its, the fans thats selling the tickets or buying the tickets.Jon: Because if you are the buyer and there is no inventory or no ticket, they are not going to come again to your site.Martin: But when you create the first inventory, if youre entering a new country, are you focusing on a specific niche, I dont know, a specific artists, or specific sports type, or something like that. Because I mean, its quite a capital intensive to provide all.Jon: No, we dont. We start with the most demanded events, like the main singers or bands and the main football team for example. And then, the market start working where sellers start to come to our market and we don’t invest anymore.Martin: Okay.CORPORATE STRATEGY OF TICKETBISMartin: Corporate strategy. What do you think, what makes you special and create a competitive advantage if you are entering a market? So why should people continue buying with your platform or selling the tickets except of other platforms?Ander: Well, what we do different than other platform is that, we have a global company with a local focus. In order to market, we have an office, we have local people. Here actually in  Madrid,  we have 29 different nationalities. So for us, opening in a market, is not only open the website. We have local guys in most of the countries, we have local entity as well. So we have, we are mixed between more global business but with a local component that I think is important. Thats one of our key difference.Jon: Yes, and we are very strong in marketing. Our marketing budget is not very high. But we, our team does a very good job, so we can probably say that we are very good at that. We can compete against anyone. And then on the seller side, we think our relationship with our sellers is very close, very good. So they tend to stay with us.Martin: Okay. Understood.  Are you making money on the first client, or is it more that you want have a repeat customer basis, where you need at least, on average 2 or 3 purch ases or sales  in order to break even?Ander: We always go for, with our marketing strategy, we go for a positive ROI. We dont do any LTV of clients or anything, theres nothing like that. So normally what we do is, our marketing budget is very low, as Jon was saying. What weve done is with a very low budget. But because of that, because we have a very strict and straight way to spend it and it has to be a positive ROI from day one. So that’s what weve been doing it, having been able to grow the business in a lot of countries with a little financing.Martin: Thats great.Jon: We havent reached the break even point yet, because we have been very aggressive. If we are only in  Spain  or in a few countries, we would reach positive number for sure. But because we have opened in many countries in the last few years, we are around in 20 countries right now. And when you open in a country, its an investment. You need like between 8 24 months in order  toAnder: To make it profitable.Martin: Totally.MARKET DEVELOPMENTMartin: How do you perceive the market development for the primary ticket market and the secondary ticket market in the Spanish speaking countries?Ander: I mean, the model we look at was in the most developed market, in the  US. In  the  US  you can see the primary market that was the only thing that exist in 2001. When the first website was created it was called Step Up, which was actually by eBay a while ago. And what they were able to do is put the demand on the customers, that tickets are sold out, theres another way to get those tickets. That has made the  US  market, the secondary  US  market to go from 0 and in 10 years to 4.5 billion last year.You compare it to the primary market, the primary market is around 2 billion. So its  4 to 22 but the difference is in the primary market the commission is 6 7 %, secondary is 25%, right. If you look at the revenue based, they are not that far away.In Europe, Latin America or  Asia, the secondary market is still very-very little. I mean, except in the  UK  where its more developed and  Germany  is getting there as well, the rest of the countries, the secondary market is very unknown by the population. The population dont know that they have a safe place where they can buy tickets or anything. Its not known.That makes the people when the event is sold out, or even when they need to find a ticket, they dont go first to the secondary market to see if theres a price which is below face value or anything. Theyll go directly to primary market and dont look that much outside of it. But this trend is changing of course. The secondary market is developing very quickly in Europe, Latin America and soon  Asia, hopefully, because we are starting there.We have seen the trend that this is growing much-much faster than the primary market. Primary market is stable, the secondary market is growing very fast. Just to give you  a sense, I mean, in the time weve been operating the company, first we did  â‚¬1 million in gross ticket sales, second year we did 5, third year we did 12, fourth year 28, and this year were going to be over 60. So its growing very fast.Jon: Hopefully.Ander: Hopefully if everything goes as planned.Jon: 55-60.Ander: As you see, the development is always doubling very year and we dont see an end to the trend in a short term, to be honest.Martin: If you look at this secondary market, what is the major driver? Why  is it not as develop as the primary? Is it because the people dont trust it yet or because they dont know about it, or is there another reason for it?Jon: Its a mix but. First of all they don’t know about it. If you go here in  Spain  on the street and you ask, Do you know a place to buy tickets for a sold out event? Most people have no idea about it. They say, Okay you have to go to this street. Thats wrong. Thats the first point.Then the second one is trust. Before Ticketbis arrived, people use to use second had website or classified website. S o there, you contact a person, you call him or her, you have to meet this person on the street, maybe the tickets they give you are fake. So people, this type is not trustworthy.Ander: Correct.Jon: So they say, for us the key factor is trust.Martin: Okay. From  my point of view, its just lowering the transaction cost because as you said, the former times the people go to a forum, spent time, call people, spend money for the telecommunication, meet this guy, that all compared are high opportunity costs. And if you now make it possible with trust system, maybe some rating of the sellers, etc. to lower this kind of transactions cost, maybe thats why the  people are buying.Jon: Yes, definitely.ADVICE TO ENTREPRENEURSMartin: We always try to share some insights with our readers from entrepreneurs like you. You made  a lot of mistakes.Ander: Of course, like all entrepreneurs. We  make a lot of mistakes.Martin: But we always want to share to help people become better entrepreneurs. What are your top 4 or 5 mistakes that you made and what should other first time entrepreneurs do in order not to make that?Ander: First one I would say, the easy one for me, focus. Sorry think another one.Jon: Thank you.Ander: I mean, when we launched the business we have  a lot of ideas. We start with the secondary ticket platform with Ticketbis, by the same time 6 months later, we launched another website, that was called Eventbis, basically its a Eventbrite, I dont know if you know Eventbrite. Its like the copycat of Eventbrite, a do-it-yourself ticketing model for primary market. And we launched it in  Spain, at some point we even have it in  Italy, working in  Mexico, and then in several countries. And we did that in parallel with Ticketbis. To be honest, it didnt work.It didnt work because we were a small company and we didnt have the focus on both things. It was impossible to have the resources for both things. At the end what happen is, two models are different. Ticketbis goes very fast, you get revenue quite easy and it was working very well. The other one is a medium term business, where you need to get all the promoters on board and little by little you make a small base growth every year, right. There were two completely different business. So what happen at the end with the team is they tend to go to one thats going faster,  and the other one little by little we abandon it. At some point we decided, Okay better kill it because we are losing focus.Martin: And with focus, do you mean like time or money, or both?Ander: Both. If you have an idea go for it until the end. Dont start thinkingAnder: In the end. If it worksJon: If it works, go go go. If it doesnt work, you can try to  find something around. But if it works, don’t start thinking of other ideas that might work. You have something that works, go for it.Jon: The problem is, when you are an entrepreneur you always have many ideas. In the beginning, an idea is a opportunity for you. Okay, you a re doing this, but we can do that and this and that. And you feel, all of them are opportunities that if you don’t do, youre going to lose them. So you try to do all of them. Exactly. It doesnt make sense. You have time, you have money, you have experience, so that was a great error.Ander: Imagine, we have raised until now, until now we have raised  â‚¬4.5 million in equity, thats what we have raised. And that, at that moment, for the last first 2 years, we spent at the end, we made a calculation around 1 million on this part of the business.Jon: Half a million, 600 thousand. Its a lot of money.Ander: A lot of money for us, it was a lot of money. A lot of time we were thinking, what would have happened if I spent in growing  faster Ticketbis, where would we be right now? Im sure well be doing much bigger than what we are doing right now. So that was one of the furthest thing. Now its your turn.Jon: The second one is focus. ?? No, the second one is, in the first stages of the busin ess dont focus too much on product. Try to spend your money in other things, especially in sales, marketing, and people. Because when you start, for example, in an online business, you start preparing the site and instead of launching it and improving it, you want to launch  a perfect version of it, because you think, my friends are going to look at it, my mom, my family, you think you are going to get a lot of traffic from the very beginning. Thats not true. Maybe like one person is going to visit your site, and its your brother, your mom. So no problem in launching a not very good version. And instead of doing that, you should only invest that money on people, on talent. Thats the right investment and in marketing and in sales.Martin: So these are the first two.Ander: Its getting interesting. Okay, third one, another one. This time its not focus, its something different. I will say, because this happen o us when we launched in another country, one of the things  a lot of people tell you is to register the brand. At the beginning we didnt believe them, so for example we launched in  Mexico  and 6 months later after we launched in  Mexico, the business is going good, lets register the brand because for us spending  â‚¬1000 at that moment was like, I don’t want to spend  â‚¬1000 in registering brand. Thats stupid. We didnt do it. 6 months later when we try to do it, somebody has registered the brand. It was a primary ticket company. We are not direct competitor but theyre a ticketing company and they  register the brand.So now we are in a lawsuit to get the brand back and everything, so instead of spending 1000, I spend 50 or 60 thousand to get the brand. So, I dont know. We don’t know yet what is going to be the final bill, but its going to be. Much more than the original one thousand euro, thats or sure. I know the advice is believe in people who tell you to register the brand, you have an idea and you use a more or less that is working, register the br and quickly.Martin: Okay. It totally make sense. I would compare how much investment am I putting into this market, and if its like  â‚¬50 or 100 thousand in advertising, building a brand and I didnt protect it.Ander: Exactly.Martin: I am at risk. And the question is how high is the probability of me having to go to court for the loss.  2 to 1 right.Ander: Come on, Jon. Pressure.Jon: Okay. Fourth one.Ander: Last one right?..Jon: I have another one. Let me explain it.Martin: This interview will go a little bit longer, like 2 hours.Jon: They say Im there. Fourth one it was a huge error. Its the partner. Im joking. This is advice, this is not an error. But in the partner, you can do it on your own, but I think having a  partner is really good because like  starting your business is every time up and down, up and down. And you need someone to compensate it. Especially if it is  like a positive person like Ander.Then if you choose a partner, I want to do it with a partner, you should try to pick a complementary, compatible partner. You have  strength and weakness. And your weakness should be  compensated by your partners. So you have to choose the right one. And be careful with your friends and your family because maybe they think, this friend is going to be the first partner, I mean hes not. You lose a partner, you lose a friend or you lose a family.Martin: Thats right. Okay. Thank you very much Jon and Ander! And maybe next time when you buy a ticket, buy at Ticketbis.Jon: For sure.

Race in Different Countries - 1270 Words

Race can be categorized quite differently and can vary from country to country. When defining race, it can be complex in that every country, even an individual within a country, has different criteria and viewpoints when identifying a person’s race. For some countries and for some people, race is the color of your skin, or the background that you come from, or even biological and physical traits. Therefore, it’s crucial to thoroughly explain the topic of race and how it plays into context in today’s society. For example, what is considered â€Å"race† in Brazil is different than what it is in other countries. In Brazil, race is categorized by biological anthropology, or by the way someone looks physically. Brazilians look at skin tone and a series of tipos, when considering race. Jefferson Fish describes how Brazil thinks of race in his excerpt, Mixed Blood. Fish interviewed his daughter and her daughter’s boyfriend from Brazil. 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Comparing Shakespeare s Oedipus The King And Death...

COMPARING TRAGEDIES THROUGHOUT TIME By Daniel Konshak What is a tragedy? Merriam-Webster dictionary defines tragedy as a serious drama typically describing a conflict between the protagonist and a superior force, such as destiny, and having a sorrowful or disastrous conclusion that elicits pity or terror. Two such examples of literary tragedies are â€Å"Oedipus the King† by Sophocles and â€Å"Death of a Salesman† by Arthur Miller. Although written over 2000 years apart, there are many similarities between the two literary works, but with varying degrees of differences as well. Some of the key areas to be examined when making this comparison are: the social status of the main characters, the psychological mindsets the characters are in, their respective lack of self-awareness, whether their fate was deserved or not, and the main fatal flaw of each main character. Let’s begin by first examining the social status of the two main characters from each literary selection. In â€Å"Oedipus the Kin g† by Sophocles, the main character is, of course, Oedipus. As the story unfolds, we find that Oedipus has been plagued by the prophecy that said he â€Å"should lie with his own mother† and â€Å"be his father’s murderer† (Sophocles, 385). Oedipus, in trying to break this prophecy, flees from the city to escape this fate. However, unbeknownst to Oedipus, he was actually born in Thebes and not in the city of Corinth as he originally believed. So, instead of escaping the city and the fate of theShow MoreRelatedSeminar: Literary Theory Applied to H.P. Lovecraft-Notably â€Å"the Beast in the Cave†6821 Words   |  28 Pages(Lovecraft, H. P. Supernatural Horror in Literature). Even when wrote with such debatable simplicity, it is an excellent self-description of Lovecraft’s writing style and a backdrop to understanding his most re-occurring theme. Since the time of his death, over seventy-five years ago, H.P. Lovecraft has been criticized with iron teeth or not at all, yet his work continues to spread vast influence over a subculture and will continue to do so for years to come. I, being almost awestruck at the lack ofRead MoreDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words   |  1617 Pagesbuilt-in pretests and posttests, focus on what you need to learn and to review in order to succeed. Visit www.mymanagementlab.com to learn more. DEVELOPING MANAGEMENT SKILLS EIGHTH EDITION David A. Whetten BRIGHAM YOUNG UNIVERSITY Kim S. Cameron UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN Prentice Hall Boston Columbus Indianapolis New York San Francisco Upper Saddle River Amsterdam Cape Town Dubai London Madrid Milan Munich Paris Montreal Toronto Delhi Mexico City Sao Paulo Sydney Hong Kong Seoul Singapore

Comparing Shakespeare s Oedipus The King And Death...

COMPARING TRAGEDIES THROUGHOUT TIME By Daniel Konshak What is a tragedy? Merriam-Webster dictionary defines tragedy as a serious drama typically describing a conflict between the protagonist and a superior force, such as destiny, and having a sorrowful or disastrous conclusion that elicits pity or terror. Two such examples of literary tragedies are â€Å"Oedipus the King† by Sophocles and â€Å"Death of a Salesman† by Arthur Miller. Although written over 2000 years apart, there are many similarities between the two literary works, but with varying degrees of differences as well. Some of the key areas to be examined when making this comparison are: the social status of the main characters, the psychological mindsets the characters are in, their respective lack of self-awareness, whether their fate was deserved or not, and the main fatal flaw of each main character. Let’s begin by first examining the social status of the two main characters from each literary selection. In â€Å"Oedipus the Kin g† by Sophocles, the main character is, of course, Oedipus. As the story unfolds, we find that Oedipus has been plagued by the prophecy that said he â€Å"should lie with his own mother† and â€Å"be his father’s murderer† (Sophocles, 385). Oedipus, in trying to break this prophecy, flees from the city to escape this fate. However, unbeknownst to Oedipus, he was actually born in Thebes and not in the city of Corinth as he originally believed. So, instead of escaping the city and the fate of theShow MoreRelatedSeminar: Literary Theory Applied to H.P. Lovecraft-Notably â€Å"the Beast in the Cave†6821 Words   |  28 Pages(Lovecraft, H. P. Supernatural Horror in Literature). Even when wrote with such debatable simplicity, it is an excellent self-description of Lovecraft’s writing style and a backdrop to understanding his most re-occurring theme. Since the time of his death, over seventy-five years ago, H.P. Lovecraft has been criticized with iron teeth or not at all, yet his work continues to spread vast influence over a subculture and will continue to do so for years to come. I, being almost awestruck at the lack ofRead MoreDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words   |  1617 Pagesbuilt-in pretests and posttests, focus on what you need to learn and to review in order to succeed. Visit www.mymanagementlab.com to learn more. DEVELOPING MANAGEMENT SKILLS EIGHTH EDITION David A. Whetten BRIGHAM YOUNG UNIVERSITY Kim S. Cameron UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN Prentice Hall Boston Columbus Indianapolis New York San Francisco Upper Saddle River Amsterdam Cape Town Dubai London Madrid Milan Munich Paris Montreal Toronto Delhi Mexico City Sao Paulo Sydney Hong Kong Seoul Singapore

Comparing Shakespeare s Oedipus The King And Death...

COMPARING TRAGEDIES THROUGHOUT TIME By Daniel Konshak What is a tragedy? Merriam-Webster dictionary defines tragedy as a serious drama typically describing a conflict between the protagonist and a superior force, such as destiny, and having a sorrowful or disastrous conclusion that elicits pity or terror. Two such examples of literary tragedies are â€Å"Oedipus the King† by Sophocles and â€Å"Death of a Salesman† by Arthur Miller. Although written over 2000 years apart, there are many similarities between the two literary works, but with varying degrees of differences as well. Some of the key areas to be examined when making this comparison are: the social status of the main characters, the psychological mindsets the characters are in, their respective lack of self-awareness, whether their fate was deserved or not, and the main fatal flaw of each main character. Let’s begin by first examining the social status of the two main characters from each literary selection. In â€Å"Oedipus the Kin g† by Sophocles, the main character is, of course, Oedipus. As the story unfolds, we find that Oedipus has been plagued by the prophecy that said he â€Å"should lie with his own mother† and â€Å"be his father’s murderer† (Sophocles, 385). Oedipus, in trying to break this prophecy, flees from the city to escape this fate. However, unbeknownst to Oedipus, he was actually born in Thebes and not in the city of Corinth as he originally believed. So, instead of escaping the city and the fate of theShow MoreRelatedSeminar: Literary Theory Applied to H.P. Lovecraft-Notably â€Å"the Beast in the Cave†6821 Words   |  28 Pages(Lovecraft, H. P. Supernatural Horror in Literature). Even when wrote with such debatable simplicity, it is an excellent self-description of Lovecraft’s writing style and a backdrop to understanding his most re-occurring theme. Since the time of his death, over seventy-five years ago, H.P. Lovecraft has been criticized with iron teeth or not at all, yet his work continues to spread vast influence over a subculture and will continue to do so for years to come. I, being almost awestruck at the lack ofRead MoreDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words   |  1617 Pagesbuilt-in pretests and posttests, focus on what you need to learn and to review in order to succeed. Visit www.mymanagementlab.com to learn more. DEVELOPING MANAGEMENT SKILLS EIGHTH EDITION David A. Whetten BRIGHAM YOUNG UNIVERSITY Kim S. Cameron UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN Prentice Hall Boston Columbus Indianapolis New York San Francisco Upper Saddle River Amsterdam Cape Town Dubai London Madrid Milan Munich Paris Montreal Toronto Delhi Mexico City Sao Paulo Sydney Hong Kong Seoul Singapore